Correlation Between Eosinophilia and Nasal Features in Allergic Rhinosinusitis

Abstract

A characteristic feature of nasal allergy is local accumulation of inflammatory cells, particularly mast cells and eosinophils, and their mediators, which have been implicated to be responsible for symptoms and signs of allergies. This prospective study tested the hypothesis that severity of nasal symptoms at presentation was related to the presence of nasal eosinophilia, using consecutive patients with allergic rhinitis attending the outpatient Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between March and December 2008. Excluded were those who had commenced antihistamine and similar antiallergy drugs. Nasal eosinophilia, skin sensitivity, sinus radiograph, and clinical features were graded using standard classification. The study was composed of 49 subjects (28 males and 21 females). The subjects’ age ranged from 7 to 53 years (mean ± SD: 28 ± 4 years). Nasal eosinophilia and abnormal skin sensitivity response were seen in 41 (83.8%) and 37 (75.5%) subjects, respectively. Rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal obstruction constituted 42 (85.7%), 31 (63.3%), and 21 (42.9%), respectively, while inferior turbinate enlargement and radiological involvement were seen in 29 (59.2%) and 36 (73.5%) patients. The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant association between nasal smear eosinophilia and rhinorrhea (P = .008) and sneezing (P = .04), although there was no significant association with other variables. The authors conclude that the degree of nasal eosinophilia may be useful in predicting the severity of rhinorrhea and sneezing among the clinical features of nasal allergy.