Nociceptin/orphanin FQ is a newly described member of the opioid family. Previous minireviews in this series have described the contribution of important factors, including opioids, in the regulation of the cerebral circulation during physiologic and pathologic conditions. The present review extends these initial comments to an opioid whose vascular actions have only very recently been appreciated. In particular, this review discusses the contribution of nociceptin/orphanin FQ to impaired cerebral hemodynamics after cerebral hypoxia/ischemia and traumatic brain injury.
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