Because Latinas experience a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its complications, there is an urgent need to reach them with interventions that promote healthful lifestyles. This article illustrates a sequential approach that took an effective multiple-risk-factor behavior-change program and adapted it for Latinas with type 2 diabetes. Adaptation stages include (a) information gathering from literature and focus groups, (b) preliminary adaptation design, and (c) preliminary adaptation test. In this third stage, a pilot study finds that participants were highly satisfied with the intervention and showed improvement across diverse outcomes. Key implications for applications include the importance of a model for guiding cultural adaptations, and the value of procedures for obtaining continuous feedback from staff and participants during the preliminary adaptation test.
Almeida, J., Molnar, B.E., Kawachi, I., & Subramanian, S.V. (2009). Ethnicity and nativity status as determinants of perceived social support: Testing the concept of familism. Social Science & Medicine, 68, 1852-1858.
2.
Barrera, M., Jr., & Castro, F.G. ( 2006). A heuristic framework for the cultural adaptation of interventions. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice , 13, 311-316.
3.
Barrera, M., Jr., Strycker, L.A., MacKinnon, D.P., & Toobert, D.J. ( 2008). Social-ecological resources as mediators of two-year diet and physical activity outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients. Health Psychology, 27, S118-S125.
4.
Bernal, G. ( 2006). Intervention development and cultural adaptation research with diverse families. Family Process, 45, 143-151.
5.
Brown, S.A., Blozis, S.A., Kouzekanani, K., Garcia, A.A., Winchell, M., & Hanis, C.L. ( 2007). Health beliefs of Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes: The Starr County border health initiative. The Diabetes Educator , 33, 300-309.
6.
Caballero, A.E. ( 2005). Diabetes in the Hispanic or Latino population: Genes, environment, culture, and more. Current Diabetes Reports , 5, 217-225.
7.
Castro, F.G., Barrera, M., Jr., & Martinez, C.R. (2004). The cultural adaptation of preventive interventions: Resolving tensions between fidelity and fit. Prevention Science, 5, 41-45.
8.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion , Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from http//www.cdc.gov/brfss/index.htm
9.
Cowie, C.C., Rust, K.F., Byrd-Holt, D.D., Eberhardt, M.S., Flegal, K.M., Engelgau, M.M., et al. (2006). Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in adults in the U.S. Population National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002, Diabetes Care, 29, 1263-1268.
10.
Cuellar, I., Arnold, B., & Maldonado, R. ( 1995). Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II: A revision of the original ARSMA scale. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 17, 275-304.
11.
Fraenkel, P. ( 2006). Engaging families as experts: Collaborative family program development. Family Process, 45, 237-257.
12.
Glasgow, R.E., Strycker, L.A., Toobert, D.M., & Eakin, E. ( 2000). A social-ecologic approach to assessing support for diabetes self-management: The Chronic Illness Resources Survey. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 23, 559-583.
13.
Glasgow, R.E., Toobert, D., Barrera, M., Jr., & Strycker, L. ( 2004). Assessment of problem-solving: A key to successful long-term diabetes self-management. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 27, 477-490.
14.
Lau, A.S. ( 2006). Making the case for selective and directed cultural adaptations of evidence-based treatments: Examples from parent training. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 13, 295-310.
15.
Maskarinec, G., Grandinetti, A., Matsuura, G., Sharma, S., Mau, M., Henderson, B.E., et al. (2009). Diabetes prevalence and body mass index differ by ethnicity: The multiethnic cohort. Ethnicity & Disease, 19, 49-55.
16.
Mier, N., Ory, M.G., & Medina, A.A. ( 2008, May). Cultural sensitivity and Hispanics: Anatomy of culturally sensitive interventions promoting nutrition and exercise in Hispanics; A critical examination of existing literature. Paper presented at the CDC Translational Research Conference, Orlando, Florida.
17.
National Center for Health Statistics. (2007 ). Health, United States, 2007 with chartbook on trends in the health of Americans. Hyattsville, MD: Author.
18.
Ogden, C.L., Carroll, M.D., Curtin, L.R., McDowell, M.A., Tabak, C.J., & Flegal, K.M. ( 2006). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. Journal of the American Medical Association , 295, 1549-1555.
19.
Osuna, D., Almeida, F.A., Geno, C., Barrera, M., Glasgow, R., & Toobert, D. ( 2005, June). Acceptability of a multi-behavioral lifestyle program: Recruitment issues and motivational health perspectives of Latinas with type 2 diabetes. Paper presented at the 3rd Annual Diversity Research Exchange, UCHSC, Denver, CO.
20.
Patterson, R.E., Kristala, A.R., Tinker, L.F., Carter, R.A., Bolton, M.P., & Agurs-Collins, T. (1999). Measurement characteristics of the Women’s Health Initiative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Annals of Epidemiology, 9, 178-187.
21.
Resnicow, K., Baranowski, T., Ahluwalia, J.S., & Braithwaite, R.L. (1999). Cultural sensitivity in public health: Defined and demystified. Ethnicity & Disease , 9, 10-21.
22.
Sigal, R.J., Kenny, G.P., Wasserman, D.H., Castaneda-Sceppa, C., & White, R. ( 2006). Physical activity/exercise and type 2 diabetes: A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care, 29, 1433-1438.
23.
Spiegel, D., & Classen, C. ( 2000). Group therapy for cancer patients: A research-based handbook of psychosocial care. New York: Basic Books.
24.
Toobert, D.J., Strycker, L.A., Glasgow, R.E., Barrera, M., & Angell, K. ( 2005). Effects of the Mediterranean Lifestyle Program on multiple risk behaviors and psychosocial outcomes among women at risk for heart disease . Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 128-137.
25.
Trichopoulou, A., Kouris-Blazos, A., Wahlqvist, M.L., Gnardellis, C., Lagiou, P., Polychronopoulos, E., et al. (1995). Diet and overall survival in elderly people . British Medical Journal, 311, 1457-1460.
26.
Wong, M.D., Tagawa, T., Hsieh, H.J., Shapiro, M.E., Boscardin, W.J., & Ettner, S.L. ( 2005). Differences in cause-specific mortality between Latino and White adults. Medical Care, 43, 1058-1062.
