In 2017, many high-impact articles appeared in the literature. This is the third edition of an annual review of articles related to postoperative cardiac critical care that may affect the cardiac anesthesiologist. This year explores vasopressor and inotropic support, timing of renal replacement therapy, management of postoperative respiratory insufficiency, and targeted temperature therapy.
FischerGWLevinMA.Vasoplegia during cardiac surgery: current concepts and management. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2010;22:140-144.
2.
ArgenzianoMChenJMChoudhriAFet al. Management of vasodilatory shock after cardiac surgery: identification of predisposing factors and use of a novel pressor agent. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1998;116:973-980.
3.
DünserMWMayrAJUlmerHet al. Arginine vasopressin in advanced vasodilatory shock: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Circulation. 2003;107:2313-2319.
4.
ElgebalyASSabryM.Infusion of low-dose vasopressin improves left ventricular function during separation from cardiopulmonary bypass: a double-blind randomized study. Ann Card Anaesth. 2012;15:128-133.
5.
HajjarLAVincentJLBarbosa Gomes GalasFRet al. Vasopressin versus norepinephrine in patients with vasoplegic shock after cardiac surgery: the VANCS randomized controlled trial. Anesthesiology. 2017;126:85-93.
6.
RaitenJMGhadimiKAugoustidesJGet al. Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: clinical update on mechanisms and prophylactic strategies. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015;29:806-816.
7.
PolloselloPParissisJKivikkoMHarjolaVP.Levosimendan meta-analyses: is there a pattern in the effect on mortality?Int J Cardiol. 2016;209:77-83.
8.
MehtaRHLeimbergerJDvan DiepenSet al; LEVO-CTS Investigators. Levosimendan in patients with left ventricular dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:2032-2042.
9.
LandoniGLomivorotovVVAlvaroGet al; CHEETAH Study Group. Levosimendan for hemodynamic support after cardiac surgery. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:2021-2031.
10.
CholleyBCarubaTGrosjeanSet al. Effect of levosimendan on low cardiac output syndrome in patients with low ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass: The LICORN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017;318:548-556.
11.
GaudrySHajageDSchortgenFet al. Initiation strategies for renal-replacement therapy in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:122-133.
12.
ZarbockAKellumJASchmidtCet al. Effect of early vs delayed initiation of renal replacement therapy on mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: the ELAIN randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:2190-2199.
13.
WaldRGallagherMBagshawSM.Shedding new light on an old dilemma: two trials examining the timing of renal replacement therapy initiation in acute kidney injury. Am J Kidney Dis. 2017;69:14-17.
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DreyfussDHajageDGaudryS.Why ELAIN and AKIKI should not be compared: resolving discordant studies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2017;69:864.
15.
MeerschMZarbockA.Timing of renal replacement therapy in acute kidney injury—an issue of importance?J Thorac Dis. 2016;8:2301-2304.
16.
ShiaoCCHuangTMSpapenHDHonorePMWuVC.Optimal timing of renal replacement therapy initiation in acute kidney injury: the elephant felt by the blind men?Crit Care. 2017;21:146.
17.
ZouHHongQXuG.Early versus late initiation of renal replacement therapy impacts mortality in patients with acute kidney injury post cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2017;21:150.
18.
LaiTSShiaoCCWangJJet al. Earlier versus later initiation of renal replacement therapy among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Intensive Care. 2017;7:38.
19.
EstebanAFrutos-VivarFFergusonNDet al. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation for respiratory failure after extubation. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2452-2460.
20.
XueFSLiBWZhangGSet al. The influence of surgical sites on early postoperative hypoxemia in adults undergoing elective surgery. Anesth Analg. 1999;88:213-219.
21.
RanucciMBallottaALa RovereMTCastelvecchioS; Surgical and Clinical Outcome Research (SCORE) Group. Postoperative hypoxia and length of intensive care unit stay after cardiac surgery: the underweight paradox?PLoS One. 2014;9:e93992.
22.
FratJPThilleAWMercatAet al. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:2185-2196.
23.
HernandezGVaqueroCGonzalezPet al. Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs conventional oxygen therapy on reintubation in low-risk patients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:1354-1361.
24.
HernandezGVaqueroCColinasLet al. Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs noninvasive ventilation on reintubation and postextubation respiratory failure in high-risk patients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;316:1565-1574.
25.
ZhaoHWangHSunFLyuSAnY.High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy is superior to conventional oxygen therapy but not to noninvasive mechanical ventilation on intubation rate: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2017;21:184.
26.
RocaOMessikaJCaraltBet al. Predicting success of high-flow nasal cannula in pneumonia patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure: the utility of the ROX Index. J Crit Care. 2016;35:200-205.
27.
CuquemelleEPhamTPaponJFLouisBDaninPEBrochardL.Heated and humidified high-flow oxygen therapy reduces discomfort during hypoxemic respiratory failure. Respir Care. 2012;57:1571-1577.
28.
KangBJKohYLimCMet al. Failure of high-flow nasal cannula may delay intubation and increase mortality. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41:623-632.
29.
MaggioreSMIdoneFAVaschettoRet al. Nasal high-flow versus Venturi mask oxygen therapy after extubation. Effects on oxygenation, comfort, and clinical outcome. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2014;190:282-288.
30.
CorleyACanuanaLRBarnettAGTronstadOFraserJF.Oxygen delivery through high-flow nasal cannulae increases expiratory lung volume and reduces respiratory rate in post-cardiac surgical patients. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:998-1004.
31.
NunnallyMEJaeschkeRBellinganGJet al. Targeted temperature management in critical care: a report and recommendations from five professional societies. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:1113-1125.
32.
MuengtaweepongsaSSrivilaithonW.Targeted temperature management in neurological intensive care unit. World J Methodol. 2017;7:55-67.
33.
Palencia HerrejonEDiaz DiazD. Therapeutic hypothermia: time for a moratorium [in Spanish]. Med Intensiva. 2017;41:425-428.
34.
BernardSAGrayTWBuistMDet al. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:557-563.
35.
Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Study Group. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:549-556.
36.
CariouAPayenJFAsehnouneKet al. Targeted temperature management in the ICU: guidelines from a French expert panel. Ann Intensive Care. 2017;7:70.
37.
CallawayCWSoarJAibikiMet al. Part 4: advanced life support: 2015 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with treatment recommendations. Circulation. 2015;132(16suppl 1):S84-S145.
38.
ChanPSBergRATangYCurtisLHSpertusJA; American Heart Association’s Get with the Guidelines—Resuscitation I. Association between therapeutic hypothermia and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 2016;316:1375-1382.
39.
MolerFWSilversteinFSHolubkovRet al. Therapeutic hypothermia after in-hospital cardiac arrest in children. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:318-329.
40.
ConstantALMongardonNMorelotQet al. Targeted temperature management after intraoperative cardiac arrest: a multicenter retrospective study. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43:485-495.
41.
Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES). Homepage. https://mycares.net. Accessed October 3, 2017.
42.
MaderTJNathansonBHSoaresWE3rdCouteRAMcNallyBF.Comparative effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: insight from a large data registry. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag. 2014;4:21-31.
43.
OhSJKimJJJangJHet al. Age is related to neurological outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH) [published online July 29, 2017]. Am J Emerg Med. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.087.
44.
DonninoMWAndersenLWBergKMet al. Temperature management after cardiac arrest: an advisory statement by the Advanced Life Support Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015;132:2448-2456.
45.
KirkegaardHSoreideEde HaasIet al. Targeted temperature management for 48 vs 24 hours and neurologic outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017;318:341-350.
