Synergistic Effects of Ultrasound and Lenvatinib on Proliferation Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common kind of primary liver cancer, is still marked by high aggressiveness, frequent metastasis, and poor survival rates. Lenvatinib, a multikinase inhibitor, has exhibited strong anticancer activity; nevertheless, techniques to increase its therapeutic efficiency while avoiding resistance are currently being researched. Ultrasound-based therapeutics have emerged as potential ways to improve medication delivery and enhance anticancer effects. In this work, the authors explored the synergistic effects of ultrasonic exposure and lenvatinib on HCC cells in vitro. A variety of cell function tests were used to evaluate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to look at apoptosis and cell cycle-related protein expression. The findings showed that the combining of ultrasound and lenvatinib slowed HCC cell growth, reduced migration and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis more efficiently than either therapy alone. Collectively, the data imply that ultrasound can enhance lenvatinib’s anticancer activity, making it a viable therapeutic method for improving HCC treatment outcomes.