Psychometric Properties of the Coping Strategy Indicator (CSI) in a South African Male Incarcerated Offender Sample

Abstract

This study examined the psychometric properties of the coping strategy indicator (CSI) among incarcerated male offenders in South Africa. Using a cross-sectional design, 968 participants were recruited through non-probability convenience sampling and completed four measurement scales, namely the CSI, multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), prison adjustment questionnaire (PAQ), and depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). Five factor models were investigated, namely (i) a unidimensional model, (ii) a correlated three factor model, (iii) a bifactor model with uncorrelated three dimensions, (iv) a correlated four factor model, and (v) a bifactor model with uncorrelated four dimensions. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a bifactor model with four dimensions showed the best fit. This finding suggests that incorporating a general factor along with four specific dimensions (i.e., problem-solving, seeking social support, avoidance withdrawal, avoidance distraction) most accurately reflects the multidimensional structure of coping strategies in this population. Cronbach's alpha coefficients confirmed the internal consistency of the four factor model. The results also demonstrated good convergent and divergent validity for the CSI, confirming its reliability and validity in this context.

Keywords

coping strategy indicator coping confirmatory factor analysis construct validity bifactor model incarcerated offenders South Africa

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