Prototypical Resilience Projects for Postdisaster Recovery Planning: From Theory to Action

Abstract

Spanish

Chinese

Rebuilding communities requires an actionable approach to explicitly translate the concept of resilience into postdisaster recovery planning. Through clustering analysis using project titles and project summary, 940 resilience projects are grouped into infrastructure prototypes, economic development prototypes, housing prototypes, and environmental prototypes among the Hurricane Matthew Resilient Redevelopment Plans. This research evaluated the characteristics of all prototypes based on the robustness-rapidity-inclusiveness framework. It also assessed the economic and environmental impacts, community involvement, and governance of identified prototypes. By posing a series of questions for practitioners, this research is a starting point for practitioners to build resilience in postdisaster recovery planning.

Keywords

postdisaster recovery planning resilience strategies plan evaluation natural language processing clustering analysis

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Acosta

Chandra

Feeney

K. C.

2011. “Navigating the Road to Recovery: Assessment of the Coordination, Communication, and Financing of the Disaster Case Management Pilot in Louisiana.” Rand Health Quarterly 1 (1): 8.

Adger

W. N.

2000. “Social and Ecological Resilience: Are They Related?” Progress in Human Geography 24 (3): 347–64.

Arlikatti

Maghelal

Agnimitra

Chatterjee

2018. “Should I Stay or Should I Go? Mitigation Strategies for Flash Flooding in India.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 27:48–56.

Bafna

Pramod

Vaidya

2016. “Document Clustering: TF-IDF Approach.” In 2016 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT), edited by Siva Ganesh Malla 61–66. Red Hook, New York, USA: IEEE.

Berke

Cooper

Aminto

Grabich

Horney

2014. “Adaptive Planning for Disaster Recovery and Resiliency: An Evaluation of 87 Local Recovery Plans in Eight States.” Journal of the American Planning Association 80 (4): 310–23.

Berke

Newman

Lee

Combs

Kolosna

Salvesen

2015. “Evaluation of Networks of Plans and Vulnerability to Hazards and Climate Change: A Resilience Scorecard.” Journal of the American Planning Association 81 (4): 287–302.

Bruneau

Chang

S. E.

Eguchi

R. T.

Lee

G. C.

O’Rourke

T. D.

Reinhorn

A. M.

Shinozuka

Tierney

Wallace

W. A.

Von Winterfeldt

2003. “A Framework to Quantitatively Assess and Enhance the Seismic Resilience of Communities.” Earthquake Spectra 19 (4): 733–52.

Burby

R. J.

2003. “Making Plans that Matter: Citizen Involvement and Government Action.” Journal of the American Planning Association 69 (1): 33–49.

Burby

R. J.

Deyle

R. E.

Godschalk

D. R.

Olshansky

R. B.

2000. “Creating Hazard Resilient Communities through Land-Use Planning.” Natural Hazards Review 1 (2): 99–106.

10.

Campanella

T. J.

2006. “Urban Resilience and the Recovery of New Orleans.” Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (2): 141–46.

11.

Chandrasekhar

Zhang

Xiao

2014. “Nontraditional Participation in Disaster Recovery Planning: Cases from China, India, and the United States.” Journal of the American Planning Association 80 (4): 373–84.

12.

Chang

S. E.

Svekla

W. D.

Shinozuka

2002. “Linking Infrastructure and Urban Economy: Simulation of Water-Disruption Impacts in Earthquakes.” Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 29 (2): 281–301.

13.

Cimellaro

G. P.

Renschler

Reinhorn

A. M.

Arendt

2016. “PEOPLES: A Framework for Evaluating Resilience.” Journal of Structural Engineering 142 (10): 04016063.

14.

Cosgrave

2007. “Tsunami Evaluation Coalition: Synthesis report: Expanded Summary. Joint Evaluation of the International Response to the Indian Ocean Tsunami.” TEC–Tsunami Evaluation Coalition. http://www.alnap.org/resource/5536

15.

Cutter

S. L.

2016. “The Landscape of Disaster Resilience Indicators in the USA.” Natural Hazards 80 (2): 741–58.

16.

Davidson

C. H.

Johnson

Lizarralde

Dikmen

Sliwinski

2007. “Truths and Myths about Community Participation in Post-disaster Housing Projects.” Habitat International 31 (1): 100–15.

17.

Davoudi

Shaw

Haider

L. J.

Quinlan

A. E.

Peterson

G. D.

Davoudi

Wilkinson

2012. “Resilience: A Bridging Concept or a Dead End?” Planning Theory & Practice 13 (2): 299–333.

18.

Devlin

Chang

M. W.

Lee

Toutanova

2018. “BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.” arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805. https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805.

19.

Dias

N. T.

Keraminiyage

DeSilva

K. K.

2016. “Long-Term Satisfaction of Post Disaster Resettled Communities.” Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 25 (5): 581–594.

20.

Fallahi

2007. “Lessons Learned from the Housing Reconstruction Following the Bam Earthquake in Iran.” Australian Journal of Emergency Management, the 22 (1): 26–35.

21.

Freitag

R. C.

Abramson

D. B.

Chalana

Dixon

2014. “Whole Community Resilience: An Asset-Based Approach to Enhancing Adaptive Capacity before a Disruption.” Journal of the American Planning Association 80 (4): 324–35.

22.

Fulton

A. E.

Drolet

2018. “Responding to Disaster-Related Loss and Grief: Recovering from the 2013 Flood in Southern Alberta, Canada.” Journal of Loss & Trauma 23 (2): 140–58.

23.

Godschalk

D. R.

Kaiser

E. J.

Berke

P. R.

1998. “Hazard Assessment: The Factual Basis for Planning and Mitigation.” In Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities, edited by Henry

Joseph

, 85–118. Washington, DC.

24.

2019. “Identifying Local Needs for Post-disaster Recovery in Nepal.” World Development 118:52–62.

25.

Heikkila

2014. “Seven Prototypical Chinese Cities.” Urban Studies.” 51 (4): 827–47.

26.

Hettige

Haigh

2016. “An Integrated Social Response to Disasters: The Case of the Indian Ocean Tsunami in Sri Lanka.” Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 25 (5): 595–610.

27.

Holling

C. S.

1996. “Engineering Resilience versus Ecological Resilience.” Engineering Within Ecological Constraints 31 (1996): 32.

28.

Horney

Dwyer

Aminto

Berke

Smith

2017. “Developing Indicators to Measure Post-disaster Community Recovery in the United States.” Disasters 41 (1): 124–49.

29.

Index

C. R.

2014. “City Resilience Framework.” The Rockefeller Foundation, ARUP. https://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/report/city-resilience-framework/.

30.

Ingram

J. C.

Franco

Rumbaitis-del Rio

Khazai

2006. “Post-disaster Recovery Dilemmas: Challenges in Balancing Short-term and Long-term Needs for Vulnerability Reduction.” Environmental Science & Policy 9 (7–8): 607–13.

31.

Kim

Olshansky

R. B.

2014. “The Theory and Practice of Building Back Better.” Journal of the American Planning Association 80 (4): 289–92.

32.

Lin

P. S. S.

2019. “Building Resilience through Ecosystem Restoration and Community Participation: Post-disaster Recovery in Coastal Island Communities.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 39:101249.

33.

Stead

2013. “Understanding the Notion of Resilience in Spatial Planning: A Case Study of Rotterdam, The Netherlands.” Cities 35:200–12.

34.

Mabon

2019. “Enhancing Post-disaster Resilience by ‘Building Back Greener’: Evaluating the Contribution of Nature-Based Solutions to Recovery Planning in Futaba County, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.” Landscape and Urban Planning 187:105–18.

35.

Mannakkara

Wilkinson

Potangaroa

2014. “Build Back Better: Implementation in Victorian bushfire reconstruction.” Disasters 38 (2): 267–90.

36.

Mannakkara

Wilkinson

S. J.

2015. “Supporting Post-disaster Social Recovery to Build Back Better.” International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 6 (2): 126–139.

37.

McDaniels

Chang

Cole

Mikawoz

Longstaff

2008. “Fostering Resilience to Extreme Events within Infrastructure Systems: Characterizing Decision Contexts for Mitigation and Adaptation.” Global Environmental Change 18 (2): 310–18.

38.

McDuie-Ra

Robinson

Kaewmahanin

2013. “Spatial Dysfunction in Post-Tsunami Baan Lion: Taking the Moken beyond Vulnerability and Tradition.” Geoforum 48:145–55.

39.

McPhearson

Andersson

Elmqvist

Frantzeskaki

2015. “Resilience of and through Urban Ecosystem Services.” Ecosystem Services 12:152–56.

40.

Meerow

Newell

J. P.

2019. “Urban Resilience for Whom, What, When, Where, and Why?” Urban Geography 40 (3): 309–29.

41.

Mens

M. J.

Klijn

de Bruijn

K. M.

van Beek

2011. “The Meaning of System Robustness for Flood Risk Management.” Environmental Science & Policy 14 (8): 1121–31.

42.

Mochizuki

Chang

S. E.

2017. “Disasters as Opportunity for Change: Tsunami Recovery and Energy Transition in Japan.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 21:331–39.

43.

Olshansky

R. B.

2006. “Planning after Hurricane Katrina.” Journal of the American Planning Association 72 (2): 147–53.

44.

Olshansky

R. B.

Hopkins

L. D.

Johnson

L. A.

2012. “Disaster and Recovery: Processes Compressed in Time.” Natural Hazards Review 13 (3): 173–78.

45.

Olshansky

R. B.

Johnson

L. A.

Horne

Nee

2008. “Longer View: Planning for the Rebuilding of New Orleans.” Journal of the American Planning Association 74 (3): 273–87.

46.

Peacock

W. G.

Kunreuther

Hooke

W. H.

Cutter

S. L.

Chang

S. E.

Berke

P. R.

2008. “Toward a Resiliency and Vulnerability Observatory Network: RAVON.” HRRC Reports. https://scarp.ubc.ca/publications/toward-resiliency-and-vulnerability-observatory-network-ravon

47.

W. G.

Peacock

Morrow

B. H.

Gladwin

, eds. 1997. Hurricane Andrew: Ethnicity, Gender, and the Sociology of Disasters. Hove, East Sussex, United Kingdom: Psychology Press.

48.

Peacock

W. G.

Van Zandt

Zhang

Highfield

W. E.

2014. “Inequities in Long-term Housing Recovery after Disasters.” Journal of the American Planning Association 80 (4): 356–71.

49.

Platt

Brown

Hughes

2016. “Measuring Resilience and Recovery.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 19:447–60.

50.

Platt

2017. “Speed or Deliberation: A Comparison of Post-disaster recovery in Japan, Turkey, and Chile.” Disasters 41 (4): 696–727.

51.

Rubin

C. B.

1985. “The Community Recovery Process in the United States after a Major Natural Disaster.” International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters 3 (2): 9–28.

52.

Sankaran

Okay

Chroust

Mannakkara

Wilkinson

2014. “Re-Conceptualising “Building Back Better” to Improve Post-disaster Recovery.” International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 7 (3): 327–341.

53.

Smith

G. P.

2012. “Planning for Post-disaster Recovery: A Review of the United States Disaster Assistance Framework.” Fairfax, VA: Public Entity Risk Institute.

54.

Smith

G. P.

Wenger

2007. “Sustainable Disaster recovery: Operationalizing an Existing Agenda.” In Handbook of Disaster Research, edited by Havidan Rodriguez, Enrico Quarantelli, and Russell Dynes, 234–57. New York: Springer.

55.

Spaans

Waterhout

2017. “Building Up Resilience in Cities Worldwide–Rotterdam as Participant in the 100 Resilient Cities Programme.” Cities 61:109–16.

56.

Tootle

2007. “Disaster Recovery in Rural Communities: A Case Study of Southwest Louisiana.” Journal of Rural Social Sciences 22 (2): 2.

57.

Vale

L. J.

Campanella

T. J.

2005. “The Resilient City: How Modern Cities Recover from Disaster.” Oxford: Oxford University Press.

58.

Van Zandt

Peacock

W. G.

Henry

D. W.

Grover

Highfield

W. E.

Brody

S. D.

2012. “Mapping Social Vulnerability to Enhance Housing and Neighborhood Resilience.” Housing Policy Debate 22 (1): 29–55.

59.

Wagenaar

Wilkinson

2015. “Enacting Resilience: A Performative Account of Governing for Urban Resilience.” Urban Studies 52 (7): 1265–84.

60.

Weichselgartner

Kelman

2015. “Geographies of Resilience: Challenges and Opportunities of a Descriptive Concept.” Progress in Human Geography 39 (3): 249–67.

61.

Woodruff

S. C.

Meerow

Stults

Wilkins

2018. “Adaptation to Resilience Planning: Alternative Pathways to Prepare for Climate Change.” Journal of Planning Education and Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X18801057.

62.

Yuan

Liu

Zhai

2021. “Social Media for Enhanced Understanding of Disaster Resilience during Hurricane Florence.” International Journal of Information Management 57:102289.

63.

Yuan

Zhai

Liu

2020. “Social Media Based Demographics Analysis for Understanding Disaster Response Disparity.” In Construction Research Congress 2020: Computer Applications, edited by Pingbo Tang, David Grau, and Mounir El Asmar, 1020–28. Reston: American Society of Civil Engineers.

64.

Zhai

Bai

Peng

Z. R.

2019. “From Edit Distance to Augmented Space-Time-Weighted Edit Distance: Detecting and Clustering Patterns of Human Activities in Puget Sound Region.” Journal of Transport Geography 78:41–55.

65.

Zhai

Peng

Z. R.

Yuan

2020. “Examine the Effects of Neighborhood Equity on Disaster Situational Awareness: Harness Machine Learning and Geotagged Twitter Data.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 48:101611.

66.

Zhai

Peng

Z. R.

, 2020. “Damage assessment using google street view: Evidence from hurricane michael in mexico beach, florida.” Applied Geography 123:102252.