This paper describes the development of advanced electrothermal fabric constructed from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber yarns, modified with silver nanowires (AgNWs) and polyethylenimine (PEI). The nanofiber yarns, with an average diameter of 53.7 µm, were woven into fabrics using conventional textile fabrication techniques. The incorporation of PEI significantly improved the hydrophilicity of the fabric, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the AgNWs and boosting the electrical conductivity of the fabric. Electrothermal characterization revealed that the fabric demonstrated a rapid heating response, reaching a steady-state temperature of approximately 37.5°C within 35 s under an applied voltage of 1.2 V. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.999) was observed between the steady-state temperature and the applied power, indicating the potential for precise thermal management at low operating voltages. The AgNW–PEI–PAN nanofiber yarn fabric shows great promise as a flexible, efficient electrothermal material for applications in wearable technologies and smart textiles.
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