In the present study, the fibrous mat of chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) containing (CS/PVOH/Ce) is prepared by electrospinning technique. The chemical, structural and morphology characteristics of the fibrous mat are determined by Fourier infrared spectrum (FTIR) and transmission electron microscope (SEM) method. The functional groups and porous structure of the CS/PVOH/Ce fibrous mat shown in the FTIR and SEM results imply its potential ability in the adsorption of Cr(VI). To verify the analysis above, the fibrous mat is experimentally used for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution in the optimized conditions. The adsorption data from the experiment can be fit well by Langmuir isotherm. Based on Langmuir model, is calculated to be 52.88 mg/g. In addition, adsorption kinetics of Cr(VI) ions is found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetics. The mechanism of adsorption can be interpreted as a combination of electrostatic adsorption coupled with reduction reaction between CS/PVA/Ce fibrous mat and Cr(VI) ions.
RodriguesLAMaschioLJSilvaRE. Adsorption of Chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by hydrous zirconium oxide. J Hazard Mater2010; 173: 630–636.
2.
WiseSSHolmesALWiseSJP. Particulate and soluble hexavalent chromium are cytotoxic and genotoxic to human lung epithelial cells. Mutat Res-Gen Tox En2006; 610: 2–7.
3.
RussoPCatassiACesarioA. Molecular mechanisms of hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis in human bronchoalveolar cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol2005; 33: 589–600.
BeaumontJJSedmanRMReynoldsSD. Cancer mortality in a Chinese population exposed to hexavalent chromium in drinking water. Epidemiology2008; 19: 12–23.
6.
SuksabyePNakajimaAThiravetyanP. Mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption by coir pith studied by ESR and adsorption kinetic. J Hazard Mater2009; 16: 1103–1108.
7.
ZimmermannACMecabôAFagundesT. Adsorption of Cr(VI) using Fe-crosslinked chitosan complex (Ch-Fe). J Hazard Mater2010; 179: 192–196.
8.
HagendorferHGoesslerW. Separation of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) by ion chromatography and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer as element-selective detector. Talanta2008; 76: 656–661.
9.
OuejhaniAHellalFDachraouiM. Application of Doehlert matrix to the study of electrochemical oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) in order to recover chromium from wastewater tanning baths. J Hazard Mater2008; 157: 423–431.
10.
WójcikGNeaguVBuniaI. Sorption studies of chromium(VI) onto new ion exchanger with tertiary amine, quaternary ammonium and ketone groups. J Hazard Mater2011; 190: 544–552.
11.
PadillaAPTavaniEL. Treatment of an industrial effluent by reverse osmosis. Desalination1999; 126: 219–226.
12.
VenkateswaranPPalaniveluK. Solvent extraction of hexavalent chromium with tetrabutyl ammonium bromide from aqueous solution. Sep Purif Technol2004; 40: 279–284.
13.
ElwakeelKZ. Removal of Cr(VI) from alkaline aqueous solutions using chemically modified magnetic chitosan resins. Desalination2010; 250: 105–112.
14.
SaeedKHaiderSOhTJ. Preparation of amidoxime-modified polyachromiumylonitrile (PAN-oxime) nanofibers and their applications to metal ions adsorption. J Membr Sci2008; 322: 400–405.
15.
NgahWSAb GhaniSKamariA. Adsorption behaviour of Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions in aqueous solution on chitosan and cross-linked chitosan beads. Bioresour Technol2005; 96: 443–450.
16.
NgahWSFatinathanS. Chitosan flakes and chitosan-GLA beads for adsorption of p-nitrophenol in aqueous solution. Colloids Surf, A2006; 277: 214–222.
17.
ChenAHLiuSCChenCY. Comparative adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) ions in aqueous solution on the crosslinked chitosan with epichlorohydrin. J Hazard Mater2008; 154: 184–191.
18.
SrivastavaR. Eco-friendly and morphologically-controlled synthesis of porous CeO2 microstructure and its application in water purification. J Colloid Interface Sci2010; 348: 600–607.
19.
ZhongHXMaYLCaoXF. Preparation and characterization of flowerlike Y2(OH)5NO3·1.5H2O and Y2O3 and their efficient removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. J Phys Chem C2009; 113: 3461–3466.
20.
WastySAHaronMJUchiumiA. Removal of arsenite and arsenate ions from aqueous solution by basic yttrium carbonate. Water Res1996; 30: 1143–1148.
LinYGYangZRChengJ. Preparation, characterization and antibacterial property of cerium substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. J Rare Earths2007; 25: 452–456.
23.
IgnatovaMStarbovaKMarkovaN. Electro-spun nano-fiber mats with antibacterial properties from quaternised chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol). Carbohydr Res2006; 341: 2098–2107.
24.
Eaton AD, Franson MAH. 1100 waste treatment and disposal. In: Standard Methods for The Examination of Water & Wastewater. New York: Amer Public Health Assn, 2005.
25.
PandeySMishraSB. Organic-inorganic hybrid of chitosan/organoclay bionanocomposites for hexavalent chromium uptake. J Colloid Interface Sci2011; 361: 509–520.
26.
KaraAUzunLBesiirliN. Poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate-n-vinyl imidazole) beads for heavy meal removal. J Hazard Mater2004; 106: 93–99.
27.
LangmuirI. The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. J Am Chem Soc1916; 38: 2221–2295.
28.
VeliSAkyüzB. Adsorption of copper and zinc from aqueous solutions by using natural clay. J Hazard Mater2007; 149: 226–233.
29.
AydınYAAksoyND. Adsorption of chromium on chitosan: optimization, kinetics and thermodynamics. Chem Eng J2009; 151: 188–194.
30.
KousalyaGNGandhiMRMeenakshiS. Sorption of chromium(VI) using modified forms of chitosan beads. Int J Biol Macromol2010; 47: 308–315.
31.
WenYTangZRChenY. Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using chitosan-coated fly ash composite as biosorbent. Chem Eng J2011; 175: 110–116.
32.
GandhiMRViswanathanNMeenakshiS. Preparation and application of alumina/chitosan biocomposite. Int J Biol Macromol2010; 47: 146–154.
33.
GandhiMRMeenakshiS. Preparation and characterization of La(III) encapsulated silica gel/chitosan composite and its metal uptake studies. J Hazard Mater2012; 203–204: 29–37.
34.
HuXJWangJSLiuYG. Adsorption of chromium (VI) by ethylenediamine- modified cross-linked magnetic chitosan resin: isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics. J Hazard Mater2011; 185: 306–314.
35.
BatistaACVillanuevaERAmorimRV. Chromium (VI) ion adsorption features of chitosan film and its chitosan/zeolite conjugate 13X film. Molecules2011; 16: 3569–3579.
36.
KhezamiLCapartR. Removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by activated carbons: kinetic and equilibrium studies. J Hazard Mater2005; 123: 223–231.
37.
KarthikeyanTRajgopalSMirandaLR. Chromium(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution by Hevea Brasilinesis sawdust activated carbon. J Hazard Mater2005; 124: 192–199.
38.
RecillasSColónaCasalsE. Chromium(VI) adsorption on cerium oxide nanoparticles and morphology changes during the process. J Hazard Mater2010; 184: 425–431.
39.
LiuSSChenYZZhangLD. Enhanced removal of trace Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution by titanium oxide-Ag composite adsorbents. J Hazard Mater2011; 190: 723–728.
40.
MohanDPittmanCUJr. Activated carbons and low cost adsorbents for remediation of tri- and hexavalent chromium from water. J Hazard Mater2006; 137: 762–811.
41.
BansiwalAThakreDLabhshetwarN. Fluoride removal using lanthanum incorporated chitosan beads. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces2009; 74: 216–224.
