Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Volume 21,2001: Subject Index

Abstract

Abstract forms

extrastriate cortex activation, letters and figures, 1330

Acetazolamide

effect on CBF, blood volume, and oxygen metabolism, 1472

Acetylcholinesterase

brain, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295

cerebral, measurement with MP4A, 1354

inhibitors, radioligand binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, 144

measurement in brain, 114

Acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC)

in global ischemia, 734

Action potential

energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133

Adenosine

and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter ischemia, 503

transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929

Adenovirus

gene transfer, effect of cationic polymer and lipids, 1125

SAG effects, brain ischemia, 722

Adhesion molecules

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

Aglycemia

axon injury, ion channels in central white matter, 385

Akt

hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, effects of sodium orthovanadate, 1268

phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442

Akt/protein kinase B

activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351

Alzheimer's disease

amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702

PET of brain acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, 295

traumatic brain injury, 1241

Amino acids

neuroactive, in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41

γAminobutyric acid. 1See GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid).

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)

and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077

Amyloid β peptide

and cerebral endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702

Amyloid precursor protein

traumatic brain injury, 1241

Aneurysms

brain, coil-induced hemodynamics changes, 1464

subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, 1067

Angiogenesis

after stroke, macrophages, 1223

Angiography, magnetic resonance. See Magnetic resonance angiography.

Animal studies

baboon, acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114

baboon, dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782

baboon, transforming growth factor-β after cerebral ischemia, 820

cat, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter ischemia, 503

cat, endothelium-derived relaxing factor and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO₂ response, 937

cat, pial vessels, fractal branching pattern, 741

dog, basilar artery, heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215

dog, cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

gerbil, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351

gerbil, brain ischemia, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361

gerbil, hippocampal ischemia, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295

gerbil, hippocampus, sodium orthovanadate effects on neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268

monkey, intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671

monkey, thromboembolic stroke, CBF and flow-metabolism uncoupling, 202

mouse, blood-brain barrier, GABA transport, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232

mouse, brain, aquaporin-9 expression in astrocytes, after cerebral ischemia, 477

mouse, brain infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199

mouse, brain ischemia, attenuation by SAG, 722

mouse, brain ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436

mouse, cerebral ischemia, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442

mouse, cerebral ischemia, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430

mouse, cerebral ischemia, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557

mouse, female db/db, stroke in diabetes, 52

mouse, genetically engineered, traumatic brain injury, 1241

mouse, hypothermia effects on leukocyte adhesion in pial vessels, 1310

mouse, mitochondrial cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914

mouse, polyglobulic, erythropoietin effect on brain infarct volumes, 857

mouse, rat, chimpanzee, CNS inflammation, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374

mouse, reactive oxygen radicals in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2

mouse, transgenic, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972

rabbit, estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422

rabbit, myosin light chain phosphatase, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876

rat, ADC and metabolic disturbances after focal cerebral ischemia, 430

rat, angiogenesis after stroke, macrophages, 1223

rat, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15

rat, antisense oligonucleotides, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404

rat, apoptosis, traumatic brain injury, 1189

rat, apoptosis in traumatic brain injury, 344

rat, blood-brain barrier, adenosine transporter, 929

rat, blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins in neutrophil recruitment, 1115

rat, BMS-204352 effect in traumatic brain injury, 396

rat, brain, endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

rat, brain, focal ischemia and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865

rat, brain, ornithine decarboxylase, and ischemic damage, 945

rat, brain, R121920 effects in ischemia, 1208

rat, brain, reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320

rat, brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653

rat, brain hypoperfusion, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828

rat, brain ischemia, apoptosis signaling pathway, Bax translocation, 321

rat, brain ischemia, early c-fos induction, 550

rat, brain trauma, hemorrhagic hypotension, 847

rat, brain trauma, reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, 1259

rat, brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

rat, carboxypeptidase E expression after global ischemia, 1411

rat, cavernous sinus ganglia, parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149

rat, CBF, oxygen tension, and metabolism during functional activation, 511

rat, ceramide effect on brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34

rat, cerebral arterioles, nitric oxide synthase regulation, caveolin-1 role, 907

rat, cerebral ischemia, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568

rat, cerebral ischemia, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097

rat, cerebral ischemia, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541

rat, cerebral ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955

rat, cerebral microvessels after focal embolic stroke, 413

rat, corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, phosphorylation of CREB, cerebral ischemia, 1177

rat, embolic stroke, MRI of ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment, 964

rat, estrogen cytoprotection, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174

rat, forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

rat, gender and strain influence on neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, 211

rat, global ischemia, acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), 734

rat, glucose metabolism and CBF, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779

rat, hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, caspase role, 529

rat, hippocampus, mitochondrial function after cerebral ischemia, 1401

rat, HSP 110/105 family, in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811

rat, HSP72 neuroprotection in stroke, 1303

rat, IBZM tracer for SPECT, haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, 92

rat, ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

rat, ischemia-reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein, 690

rat, ischemic preconditioning, ischemic brain edema and cerebrovascular injury, 22

rat, ischemic tolerance, bcl-2 antisense treatment, 233

rat, laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195

rat, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711

rat, neonatal brain, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105

rat, neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41

rat, neuronal MCP-1 expression, 69

rat, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation in middle cerebral arteries, 77

rat, optic nerve, ion channels in aglycemic axon injury in central white matter, 385

rat, Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334

rat, peroxynitrite effects on intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, in cerebral arteries, 253

rat, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090

rat, spinal cord, glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects on extracellular space volume and tortuosity, 1077

rat, spontaneous hypertension, ceramide reduction of infarct size, 226

sheep, insulin-like growth factor-1 effect on postischemic white matter, 493

Anoxia

mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401

Apolipoprotein E

tissue clearing after cerebral infarction, 1199

in traumatic brain injury, 1241

Apomorphine

synaptic dopamine changes, PET, 1151

Apoptosis

Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442

amyloid β peptide-induced, mitochondria and caspase role, 702

brain ischemia, Bax translocation, 321

in brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

caspase-3 and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

ceramide effect in brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, 34

cortical neurons, tPA role in neuronal death, 631

endothelial, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422

hippocampus, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, 351

hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568

ischemic brain, reactive oxygen radicals, 2

manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, cerebral ischemia, 557

mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334

SAG effects, brain ischemia, 722

superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and cMyc, in cerebral ischemia, 163

traumatic brain injury, 1189

in traumatic brain injury, 344

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)

ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964

and metabolic disturbances after focal cerebral ischemia, 430

and MRI perfusion, ischemia in stroke, 577

Aquaporin-9

astrocyte-specific expression, after cerebral ischemia, 477

Arm movements

intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671

Arterial spin tagging

compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440

Arteries

basilar, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, effect of cationic polymer and lipids, 1125

basilar, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876

basilar, heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215

cerebral, parasympathetic innervation, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149

cerebral, unilateral occlusive disease, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

cerebral, vasospasm, protein kinase C, 887

middle cerebral, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation, 77

middle cerebral, neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, role of astrocytes, 1451

middle cerebral, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945

middle cerebral, P121920 neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia, 1208

middle cerebral, peroxynitrite effects on intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, 253

middle cerebral, protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865

Aspartate

in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41

Astrocytes

aquaporin-9 expression after cerebral ischemia, 477

HMPAO retention, 456

neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, 1451

Astrogliosis

glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects on extracellular space volume and tortuosity, spinal cord, 1077

Autoradiography

glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, brain trauma, 779

Axon injury

aglycemic, ion channels in central white matter, 385

Bax

translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321

Bcl-2

antisense, ischemic tolerance in brain, 233

in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

up-regulation, ceramide effect in brain ischemia, 34

Behavior

cerebral sensorimotor activation, reproducibility of, test-retest effect, functional MRI, 592

ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

Bias removal

PET, in graphical analysis method, 307

Binding sites

DASB, to serotonin transporter, 1342

dopamine D1 receptors, SCH 23390

measurement of, 1146

BioQuant

cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

Blood flow, cerebral (CBF)

and blood volume and oxygen metabolism, acetazolamide effects, 1472

blood-brain barrier genomics, 61

bolus method, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793

brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653

brain reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320

carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003

and cerebral blood volume, visual stimulation, PET, 608

cerebral ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436

coil-induced hemodynamics, brain aneurysm, 1464

compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440

endothelium-derived relaxing factor and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO₂ response, 937

and flow-metabolism, stroke in primate model, 202

during functional activation, 511

hemorrhagic hypotension in brain trauma, 847

HMPAO retention in astrocytes, 456

ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804

ischemic preconditioning, vascular injury, 22

laser speckle imaging, 195

and metabolism, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779

model of steal phenomenon, 182

postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

regional and global, during visual stimulation, 664

spikes and synaptic activity, 1367

stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52

Blood pressure

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

Blood vessels

brain, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

cerebral microvessel patency, after focal embolic stroke, 413

cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422

forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835

neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541

pial, fractal branching pattern, 741

Blood volume

and CBF, visual stimulation, PET, 608

cerebral, reproducible measurement, 110

PET compartmental models, 635

Blood-brain barrier

adenosine transporter, 929

E- and P-selectins in neutrophil recruitment, 1115

GABA transport, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232

genomics of, 61

ischemic brain edema, and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22

neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921

in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393

phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276

BMS-204352

cerebral edema and motor impairment in traumatic brain injury, 396

Bolus method

vs. steady-state, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793

Box counting

fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741

Brain

acetylcholinesterase measurement, 114

acetylcholinesterase, measurement with MP4A, 1354

acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295

activation in mitochondrial disease, 85

aneurysm, coil-induced hemodynamics changes, 1464

aquaporin-9 expression in astrocytes, after cerebral ischemia, 477

arterioles, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, 907

and blood phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276

blood volume, reproducible measurement, 110

blood-brain barrier genomics, 61

carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003

dopamine receptor binding, SCH 23390 measurement of, 1146

dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480

endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

endothelium, hypothermia effects on inflammation, 1310

energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067

extrastriatal D2 receptor density, parametric imaging, high-affinity ligand, 1493

extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330

fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, 995

focal ischemia, microvascular integrin, 835

focal ischemia, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, 711

focal ischemia and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865

glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160

glucose transport, kinetics and CBF during hypoglycemia, 653

gray matter, energy metabolism in signaling, 1133

hemorrhage, absence of ischemia, 804

human, glucose transport in gray and white matter, 483

hypoperfusion, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828

infarct volumes, erythropoietin function, 857

infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199

injury, glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, 779

intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671

ischemia, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter, 503

ischemia, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442

ischemia, and ischemic tolerance, HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, 811

ischemia, Bax translocation, 321

ischemia, bcl-2 antisense treatment, 233

ischemia, blood-brain barrier in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393

ischemia, carboxypeptidase E expression, 1411

ischemia, ceramide effect on bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34

ischemia, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430

ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436

ischemia, early c-fos induction, 550

ischemia, Fas (CD95) delay of cell death in hippocampus CA1 sector, 1422

ischemia, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972

ischemia, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568

ischemia, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097

ischemia, insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, 493

ischemia, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557

ischemia, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361

ischemia, mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

ischemia, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, 1401

ischemia, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541

ischemia, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945

ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

ischemia, programmed cell death, 99

ischemia, R121920 effects, 1208

ischemia, reactive oxygen radicals, 2

ischemia, SAG effects, 722

ischemia, sodium orthovanadate effects on hippocampal neuronal death, 1268

ischemia, superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, 163

ischemia, transforming growth factor-β, 820

ischemia, transient focal, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, 15

ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955

ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

ischemia-reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690

ischemic edema and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22

microvessels, after focal embolic stroke, 413

neonatal, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105

neurotransmitter inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982

perfusion, and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793

proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, cortical spreading depression, 218

reperfusion, after circulatory arrest, 1320

sensorimotor activation, reproducibility of, test-retest effect, functional MRI, 592

stroke genomics, 755

trauma, apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, 344

trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

trauma, hemorrhagic hypotension, 847

trauma, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, 914

trauma, reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, 1259

traumatic injury, apoptosis, 1189

vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

vascularity, angiogenesis after stroke, macrophages, 1223

vasospasm, protein kinase C, 887

Bumetanide

and Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711

Butyrylcholinesterase

radiolabeled cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

Calcium

homeostasis, and adenosine, gray and white matter ischemia, 503

and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887

Calcium channels

in aglycemic axon injury, central white matter, 385

estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422

Calpain

and caspase-3, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

Carbon dioxide

regional and global CBF, during visual stimulation, 664

stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003

vascular responsiveness, endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, 937

Carboxypeptidase E

expression after global ischemia, 1411

Caspase-3

and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

Caspases

in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702

Bax translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321

brain trauma, neuronal DNA fragmentation, 344

in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, 529

manganese superoxide dismutase effects, cerebral ischemia, 557

Par-4 in ischemic neuronal cell death, 334

programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

traumatic brain injury, apoptosis, 1189

Caveolin-1

in estrogen-mediated regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, 907

Cavernous sinus ganglia

parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149

ced genes

in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

Cell death. See Neuronal death.

Central nervous system

inflammation, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374

white matter, ion channels in aglycemic axon injury, 385

Ceramide

in brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34

infarct size, ischemic tolerance, 226

Cerebellum

parametric imaging, extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493

PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

model of steal phenomenon, 182

transforming growth factor-β1, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 157

Cerebrovascular system

endothelial nitric oxide synthase, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907

facial pain, 1171

HSP70 marker of injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22

in hydrocephalus, 285

c-fos

early induction after cerebral ischemia, 550

Chemokines

broad-spectrum inhibitor, neuroprotection in ischemia-reperfusion, 683

MCP-1, neuronal expression in remote injury, 69

receptor antagonist peptide, protection in cerebral ischemia, 1430

Cholinesterase

radiolabeled substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132

Classification

protein kinase C isoforms, cerebral vasospasm, 887

Cloning

adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929

Cluster headache

magnetic resonance angiography, 1171

c-Myc protein

superoxide dismutase down-regulation of, in cerebral ischemia, 163

Cognitive function

in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396

Coil

endovascular embolization, pulsatile flow, brain aneurysm, 1464

Compartments

dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480

exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440

PET models, 635

Corpus callosum

oligodendrocytes, focal cerebral ischemia, phosphorylation of CREB, 1177

Corticotropin-releasing factor

antagonist R121920, neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia, 1208

Cromakalim

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)

phosphorylation, oligodendrocytes in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, 1177

Cyclooxygenase-I

deficiency, ischemic brain injury, 1436

Cysteine proteases

brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

Cytochrome c

hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568

manganese superoxide dismutase effects, cerebral ischemia, 557

mitochondrial, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

mitochondrial, in brain trauma, 914

neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921

Cytokines

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

proinflammatory, cortical spreading depression, gene expression in brain, 218

transforming growth factor-β1 in CSF, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 157

Cytoprotection

antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, cerebral ischemia, 15

ceramide effect on brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34

c-fos induction, cerebral ischemia, 550

by estrogen, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174

insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, cerebral ischemia, 493

in ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

ischemic stroke genomics, 755

Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711

neuronal DNA fragmentation, traumatic brain injury, 344

DASB

binding to serotonin transporter, 1342

Degeneration

glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013

Dentate gyrus

gender and strain influence on neurogenesis, 211

Depression, cortical spreading

laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195

proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in brain, 218

Development

neonatal brain, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105

Diabetes

stroke in female db/db mouse, 52

Differential display

ischemic stroke genomics, 755

Diffusion coefficient, apparent. See Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

Digital image processing

fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741

Distribution volume

bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307

dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469

DNA

in oxygen-glucose deprivation, caspase-3

and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

DNA fragmentation

Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442

brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

in brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

hyperglycemia effect, cerebral ischemia, 568

mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

mitochondrial cytochrome c release, in brain trauma, 914

neuronal, traumatic brain injury, 344

neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921

in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

Dopamine

apomorphine-induced changes, 1151

D1 receptor, SCH 23390 measurement of binding, 1146

D2 receptor, extrastriatal, parametric imaging, 1493

endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613

haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982

mesolimbic transmission, PET, 1034

receptors, haloperidol affinity, IBZM and SPECT, 92

transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782

turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469

Double-saturation method

parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptor, 1493

Down regulation

by superoxide dismutase, of NF-κB and c-Myc, cerebral ischemia, 163

Edema

cerebral, in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396

ischemic brain, and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22

Editorial

The Journal in 2001: Looking Forward and Looking Backward, 1

Electrical stimulation

oxygen-dependent phosphorescence quenching, during functional activation, 511

Electroencephalography (EEG)

spikes, synaptic activity, and CBF, 1367

Electron microscopy

hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568

neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41

protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865

Electrophysiology

laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195

spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367

Embolism

cerebral microvessel patency, after focal stroke, 413

Endothelium

blood-brain barrier genomics, 61

cerebral, hypothermia effects on inflammation, 1310

cerebral arterioles, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of nitric oxide synthase, 907

heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215

microvascular integrin, during focal brain ischemia, 835

middle cerebral arteries, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation, 77

vascular, MMP-9 expression in white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor

and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO₂ response, 937

Energy metabolism

and ADC after focal cerebral ischemia, 430

and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067

during functional activation, 511

oxidative metabolism of visual cortex, 1384

signaling in brain gray matter, 1133

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, hypothermia effects, 1310

Enzymes

acetylcholinesterase, cerebral, measurement with MP4A, 1354

acetylcholinesterase, measurement in brain, 114

acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease brain, 295

Akt/protein kinase B, activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351

carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411

caspases, Bax translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321

caspases, brain trauma, neuronal DNA fragmentation, 344

caspases, in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702

caspases, in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, 529

caspases, in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

caspases, Par-4 in ischemic neuronal cell death, 334

caspases, traumatic brain injury, apoptosis, 1189

cholinesterase, radiolabeled substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132

cyclooxygenase-I, deficiency, ischemic brain injury, 1436

cysteine proteases, brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

heme oxygenase-1, gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215

heme oxygenase-1 and manganese superoxide dismutase, brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

manganese superoxide dismutase, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 activation, cerebral ischemia, 557

matrix metalloproteinase-9, in microglia and vascular endothelium of white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828

matrix metalloproteinase, oxidative stress-associated blood-brain barrier disruption, 1393

nitric oxide synthase, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15

nitric oxide synthase, endothelial, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907

nitric oxide synthase, proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, cortical spreading depression, in brain, 218

ornithine decarboxylase, and ischemic brain damage, 945

phosphatase, myosin light chain, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876

protein kinase C, and cerebral vasospasm, 887

superoxide dismutase, down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, cerebral ischemia, 163

Epilepsy

forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

Erythropoietin

and cerebral infarct volumes, 857

Estradiol

cerebroarterial relaxation induced by, 422

Estrogens

cytoprotection, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174

nitric oxide synthase regulation, caveolin-1 role, 907

stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52

Extracellular space

volume and tortuosity, spinal cord, effects of glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA, 1077

Eye movements

intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671

Facial nerve

MCP-1 expression in remote injury, 69

Facial pain

magnetic resonance angiography, 1171

Fas (CD95)

and cell death in hippocampal CA1 sector, after global ischemia, 1422

Fas system

in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

Fasudil hydrochloride

metabolite vasorelaxing mechanism, myosin light chain phosphatase, 876

Fixation

intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671

FLB 457 ligand

parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493

Flow cytometry

leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, hypothermia effects, 1310

Fluorine-18

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, radioligand binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, 144

Fluorodeoxyglucose

lumped constant, human brain, 995

Fractal geometry

arborization in pial vasculature, 741

Free radicals

antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, cerebral ischemia, 15

brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262

mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401

neuronal DNA fragmentation, traumatic brain injury, 344

oxygen, in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and cMyc, in cerebral ischemia, 163

GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)

in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41

neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451

transport, blood-brain barrier, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232

Ganglia

cavernous sinus, parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149

GAT2/BGT-1

GABA transport at blood-brain barrier, 1232

Gender differences

neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, 211

Gene expression

adenovirus-mediated, cationic polymer and lipid effects, 1125

blood-brain barrier genomics, 61

heme oxygenase-1, endothelial dysfunction, 1215

ischemic stroke, 755

proinflammatory cytokines, cortical spreading depression, 218

transforming growth factor- β after cerebral ischemia, 820

Gene therapy

stroke, neuroprotection by HSP72, 1303

Genetic engineering

traumatic brain injury, 1241

Genetic factors

programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

Glial cells

cerebral glucose transport, 1160

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)

cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

Glucose

brain transport, kinetics and CBF during hypoglycemia, 653

cerebral, antisense oligonucleotides, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404

deprivation, caspase-3 and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

deprivation, tPA role in neuronal death, 631

metabolism, and CBF, thromboembolic stroke, 202

metabolism, fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, human brain, 995

metabolism and CBF, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779

transporter, HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105

transporters, cerebral, glial cell function, 1160

transporters, in human brain gray and white matter, 483

Glutamate

cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067

energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133

and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077

in forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41

metabotropic receptor, endothelial cell apoptosis, 262

metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013

and Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711

neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451

transporter GLAST, antisense oligonucleotides, neurometabolic coupling, 404

Glutamine

in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41

Glutathione

HMPAO retention in astrocytes, 456

Glycolysis

in neurons, oxidative metabolism of visual cortex, 1384

Gp91-phox

induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374

Granulomatous disease

gp91-phox induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374

Graphical analysis

bias removal, PET, 307

Gray matter

adenosine and calcium homeostasis, brain ischemia, 503

cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160

energy metabolism in signaling, 1133

glucose transporters, in human brain, 483

Haloperidol

affinity to dopamine receptors, IBZM and SPECT, 92

inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982

Head injury

glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, 779

Head motion

PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

Headache

cluster, magnetic resonance angiography, 1171

Heart

circulatory arrest, brain reperfusion, 1320

Heat shock proteins

110/105 family, in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811

HSP70, marker of cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22

hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972

HSP72, neuroprotection in stroke, 1303

Heme oxygenase-1

brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215

Hemodynamics

brain ischemia, postural effects, 1058

CBF and blood volume, visual stimulation, PET, 608

coil-induced, brain aneurysm, 1464

hemorrhagic hypotension in brain trauma, 847

Hemorrhage

aneurysmal subarachnoid, cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, 1067

delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964

hypotension, in brain trauma, 847

intracerebral, absence of ischemia, 804

intracerebral, neuronal serum proteins, cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, 921

subarachnoid, estrogen neuroprotection, 174

subarachnoid, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157

HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105

Hippocampus

CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, caspase role, 529

CA1 neurons, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, 351

CA1 sector, cell death after global ischemia, Fas (CD95) role, 1422

HSP 110/105 family, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811

ischemia, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295

mitochondrial function after cerebral ischemia, ischemic preconditioning, 1401

neuroactive amino acid distribution, during hypoglycemia, 41

neuronal death, sodium orthovanadate effects after forebrain ischemia, 1268

Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334

HMPAO

retention in astrocytes, 456

Hybridization, in situ

adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929

carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411

hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422

HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811

MCP-1 neuronal expression in remote injury, 69

neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541

Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, ischemia-reperfusion, 690

Hybridization, subtractive

ischemic stroke genomics, 755

Hydrocephalus

cerebrovascular adaptation, 285

subarachnoid hemorrhage, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157

Hydroxyfasudil

vasorelaxing mechanism, myosin light chain phosphatase, 876

5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)

transporter, DASB binding, 1342

Hyperglycemia

DNA fragmentation after cerebral ischemia, 568

stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52

Hypertension

spontaneous, ceramide reduction of infarct size, 226

spontaneous, neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, gender and strain influence, 211

Hypoglossal nerve

MCP-1 expression in remote injury, 69

Hypoglycemia

brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653

neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum, 41

Hypotension

hemorrhagic, in brain trauma, 847

Hypothermia

leukocyte adhesion in pial vessels and cerebral endothelium, 1310

Hypoxia

preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, neonatal brain, 1105

IBZM

for SPECT, haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, 92

Image analysis

ADC and MRI perfusion, ischemic stroke, 577

cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132

energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133

extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330

fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741

ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

laser speckle of CBF, 195

mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

parametric, extrastriatal D2

receptor density, 1493

Immunocytochemistry

c-fos induction, cerebral ischemia, 550

hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422

hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568

Immunohistochemistry

acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), in global ischemia, 734

Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442

brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244

cerebral arteries, parasympathetic innervation, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149

cerebral infarct volumes, erythropoietin effect, 857

cerebral microvessel patency, after focal embolic stroke, 413

cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, phosphorylation of CREB, cerebral ischemia, 1177

extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, effects of glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA, 1077

gp91-phox induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374

HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811

MCP-1 neuronal expression in remote injury, 69

microglia/macrophage proliferation in striatum and neocortex, brain ischemia, 361

microvascular integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835

mitochondrial cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914

neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41

neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, gender and strain differences, 211

neutrophil recruitment across blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115

Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334

subarachnoid hemorrhage, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157

Infarction

brain, erythropoietin effect on volumes, 857

ceramide effects, ischemic tolerance, 226

cerebral, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199

cerebral, volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097

cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160

Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 71

Inflammation

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, ischemia-reperfusion, 683

cerebral endothelium, hypothermia effects, 1310

CNS, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374

neutrophil recruitment across blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115

Infrared spectroscopy

reproducible measurement of cerebral blood volume, 110

Ingvar, David H., In Memoriam, 193

Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP)

traumatic brain injury, 1189

Insulin-like growth factor-1

neuroprotection, hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268

reduction of postischemic white matter injury, 493

Integrin

microvascular, during focal brain ischemia, 835

Intelligence

blood-brain phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276

Interleukins

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

Ion channels

acid-sensing 2a, in global ischemia, 734

aglycemic axon injury in central white matter, 385

BMS-204352 effect in traumatic brain injury, 396

estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422

Na-K-Cl transporter, in focal cerebral ischemia, 711

Ischemia

absence of, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804

brain, neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451

cerebral, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter, 503

cerebral, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442

cerebral, and ischemic tolerance, HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, 811

cerebral, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199

cerebral, attenuation by SAG, 722

cerebral, Bax translocation, 321

cerebral, blood-brain barrier in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393

cerebral, carboxypeptidase E expression, 1411

cerebral, ceramide effect on bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34

cerebral, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430

cerebral, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436

cerebral, early c-fos induction, 550

cerebral, Fas (CD95) delay of cell death in hippocampus CA1 sector, 1422

cerebral, focal, and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865

cerebral, focal, microvascular integrin, 835

cerebral, global, acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), 734

cerebral, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972

cerebral, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568

cerebral, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097

cerebral, insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, 493

cerebral, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557

cerebral, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361

cerebral, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, 1401

cerebral, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, 711

cerebral, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541

cerebral, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945

cerebral, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

cerebral, programmed cell death, 99

cerebral, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090

cerebral, R121920 effects, 1208

cerebral, reactive oxygen radicals, 2

cerebral, SAG effects, 722

cerebral, superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, 163

cerebral, transforming growth factor- β, 820

cerebral, transient focal, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, 15

cerebral, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955

cortical neurons, tPA role in neuronal death, 631

delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964

focal cerebral, ADC and energy metabolism, 430

focal cerebral, astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9, 477

focal cerebral, phosphorylation of CREB, corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, 1177

forebrain, mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

forebrain, sodium orthovanadate effects on hippocampal neuronal death, 1268

glutamate metabotropic receptors, endothelial cell apoptosis, 262

hippocampus, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295

preconditioning, ischemic brain edema and cerebrovascular injury, 22

preconditioning, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401

reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683

reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690

stroke, ADC and MRI perfusion, 577

stroke, gene expression, 755

stroke, neuroprotection by HSP72, 1303

tolerance. See Tolerance, ischemic.

Kinetics

acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114

apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151

bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307

brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653

dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480

endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613

glucose transport in human brain gray and white matter, 483

haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, IBZM tracer for SPECT, 92

MP4A measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354

neurotransmitter inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982

oxidative metabolism in visual cortex, glycolysis in neurons, 1384

PET compartmental models, 635

Lamotrigine

in forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

Laser scanning confocal microscopy

protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865

Laser speckle imaging

CBF, 195

Least squares analysis

MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354

Letter processing

extrastriate cortex activation, 1330

Leukocyte

adhesion, hypothermia effects on pial vessels, 1310

Ligands

endogenous, quantification by PET, 613

high-affinity FLB 457, parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptors, 1493

PE21, dopamine transporter, Parkinson's disease, 782

PET compartmental models, 635

subtype-selective, glutamate metabotropic receptors, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013

Linear system

MRI, systems analysis, venous oxygenation, 517

Lipids

in adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, 1125

Lipopolysaccharides

ceramide effects, ischemic tolerance, 226

Lmo-1 promoter

hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972

Lumped constant

fluorodeoxyglucose, human brain, 995

Macrophage inflammatory protein-Iα (MIP-II)

chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, cerebral ischemia, 1430

Macrophages

angiogenesis after stroke, 1223

brain infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199

Magnetic resonance angiography

facial pain, 1171

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

ADC and energy metabolism, after focal cerebral ischemia, 430

brain reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320

cerebral infarct volumes, erythropoietin effect, 857

cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793

compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440

dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782

energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133

extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330

functional, and voltage-dependent sodium channels, in forepaw somatosensory activation, 585

functional, reproducibility of cerebral sensorimotor activation, test-retest effect, 592

ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, 964

perfusion, and ADC, ischemia in stroke, 577

systems analysis, venous oxygenation, 517

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

blood-brain phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276

brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85

brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653

glucose transporters, in human brain gray and white matter, 483

neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451

Mapping

brain ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

visual cortex, carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence, 1003

Mathematical analysis

acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114

apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151

bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307

compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, arterial spin tagging, 440

DASB binding to serotonin transporter, 1342

dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469

endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613

fractal branching pattern, pial vessels, 741

glucose transport in human brain gray and white matter, 483

haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982

laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195

MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354

oxidative metabolism in visual cortex, glycolysis in neurons, 1384

parametric imaging, extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493

PET compartmental models, 635

PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

shape analysis, brain acetylcholinesterase, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295

steal phenomenon, model of cerebral and cerebrovascular fluid circulation, 182

venous oxygenation, systems analysis of MRI, 517

Matrix

receptors, microvascular integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835

Matrix metalloproteinases

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

in microglia and vascular endothelium of white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828

oxidative stress-associated blood-brain barrier disruption, 1393

In Memoriam

David H. Ingvar, 193

Metallothioneins

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)

and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077

receptor, proinflammatory cytokines, cortical spreading depression, gene expression in brain, 218

N-Methylpeperidin-4-yl acetate

shape analysis, brain acetylcholinesterase, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295

Microarray gridding

ischemic stroke genomics, 755

Microdialysis

cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067

reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, brain trauma, 1259

Microglia

CNS inflammation, gp91-phox induction, 374

and macrophages in striatum and neocortex, brain ischemia, 361

MMP-9 expression in white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828

Microspheres

compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440

Migraine

magnetic resonance angiography, 1171

Mitochondria

in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702

apoptosis signaling pathway, Bax translocation in brain ischemia, 321

cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529

cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914

in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia, ischemic preconditioning, 1401

programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99

Mitochondrial disease

brain activation, 85

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)

and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887

Models

See also Compartments.

ischemic stroke genomics, 755

Monocyte chemoattractant protein MCP-1

neuronal expression in remote injury, 69

Morphology

cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285

MP4A

measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354

Myosin light chain

phosphatase, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876

Myosin light chain kinase

and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887

Necrosis

caspase-3 and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

Neocortex

microglia/macrophage proliferation, brain ischemia, 361

Neurodegeneration

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

Neurogenesis

in dentate gyrus, gender and strain influence, 211

Neuromotor function

in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396

Neuronal death

See also Apoptosis.

Akt phosphorylation, cerebral ischemia, 1442

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

Fas (CD95) role, hippocampal CA1 sector, after global ischemia, 1422

hippocampus, sodium orthovanadate effects after forebrain ischemia, 1268

mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401

programmed, in cerebral ischemia, 99

protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865

Neurons

cortical, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, 1090

facial and hypoglossal, MCP-1 expression, 69

Neuropeptide Y

constriction and dilation in middle cerebral arteries, 77

Neuropharmacology

dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480

Neuropilin-1

up-regulation, in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541

Neuroprotection

See also Cytoprotection.

glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for drugs, 1013

heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215

by HSP72, in stroke, 1303

hsp70i expression, 972

hypothermia effects on leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, 1310

prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide, after ischemia, 1295

R121920 effects in ischemia, 1208

sodium orthovanadate, hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268

Neurotransmitters

endogenous, inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982

GAT2/BGT-1 system, GABA transport at blood-brain barrier, 1232

and intermediary metabolism, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, 1451

and spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367

Neutrophils

blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115

Nitric oxide

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

cerebral, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067

and endothelium-derived relaxing factor, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO₂ response, 937

in neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation of middle cerebral arteries, 77

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887

Nitric oxide synthase

antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15

endothelial, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907

proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, cortical spreading depression, in brain, 218

Nitrone radical scavengers

PBN and S-PBN, reactive oxygen species, traumatic brain injury, 1259

Northern blot analysis

adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929

carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411

HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105

hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422

Nuclear factor-κB

superoxide dismutase down-regulation of, in cerebral ischemia, 163

Nucleus accumbens

mesolimbic dopamine transmission, PET, 1034

Object recognition

letters and figures, extrastriate cortex activation, 1330

Oligodendrocytes

in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, phosphorylation of CREB, 1177

Oligodeoxynucleotides

antisense, to nitric oxide synthase, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15

antisense bcl-2, ischemic tolerance, 233

Oligonucleotides

antisense, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404

Opioid peptides

vascular CO₂ responsiveness, endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, 937

Optic nerve

ion channels in aglycemic axon injury, 385

Ornithine decarboxylase

and ischemic brain damage, 945

Oxidative stress

amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702

blood-brain barrier, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393

brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241

intracerebral hemorrhage, neuronal serum proteins, cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, 921

mitochondrial cytochrome c release, in brain trauma, 914

Oxygen

consumption, forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585

deprivation, caspase-3 and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281

deprivation, tPA role in neuronal death, 631

extraction fraction, brain ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058

extraction fraction, ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804

free radicals, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090

metabolism, and CBF and blood volume, acetazolamide effects, 1472

metabolism, bolus method in cerebral perfusion, 793

metabolism, of visual cortex, 1384

reactive, trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, traumatic brain injury, 1259

reactive radicals, in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2

tension, during functional activation, 511

venous, systems analysis of MRI, 517

Oxyhemoglobin

heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215

Pain

facial, magnetic resonance angiography, 1171

Par-4

in ischemic neuron cell death, 334

Parametric imaging

extrastriatal D2 receptor density, high-affinity ligand, 1493

Parasympathetic innervation

cerebral arteries, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149

Parietal cortex

sensory guidance of reaching, 671

Parkinson's disease

apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151

dopamine transporter ligand PE21, 782

Partial volume effects

PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

PBN and S-PBN

nitrone radical scavengers, reactive oxygen species, traumatic brain injury, 1259

PE21

dopamine transporter ligand, Parkinson's disease, 782

Peptides

prosaposin-derived 18-mer, neuroprotective effects after ischemia, 1295

Perfusion

ADC and MRI, ischemic stroke, 577

brain, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828

cerebral, and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793

focal brain ischemia, protein aggregation, 865

Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690

without ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, 804

Peroxynitrate

and intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, in cerebral arteries, 253

intracellular, brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85

Pharmacology

glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013

Phenylalanine

blood-brain ratios in phenylketonuria, 276

Phosphatase

myosin light chain, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876

Phosphates

high energy, brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85

Phosphorescence quenching

oxygen-dependent, during functional activation, 511

Phosphorylation

Akt and neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442

cAMP response element binding protein, oligodendrocytes in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, 1177

tyrosine, of SynGAP, in cerebral ischemia, 955

Physostigmine

acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114

Pial vessels

fractal branching pattern, 741

leukocyte adhesion, hypothermia effects, 1310

Piperidyl benzilate binding

acetylcholinesterase inhibition, 144

Plasma input

PET compartmental models, 635

Plasminogen activator, tissue-type (tPA)

neuronal death in ischemia, 631

Polymer

cationic, in adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, 1125

Positron emission tomography (PET)

acetazolamide effect on CBF, blood volume, and oxygen metabolism, 1472

acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114

apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151

bias removal in graphical analysis method, 307

bolus method, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793

brain acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, in Alzheimer's disease, 295

carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003

CBF and blood volume, visual stimulation, 608

cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160

compartmental models, 635

DASB binding to serotonin transporter, 1342

dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782

dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469

dual tracer single-acquisition, 1480

extrastriatal D2 receptor density, high-affinity ligand (FLB 457), 1493

glucose metabolism, fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, human brain, 995

haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982

ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804

mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034

MP4A measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354

postural effects on brain hemodynamics, 1058

quantification of endogenous ligand, 613

radiolabeled cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132

regional and global CBF, during visual stimulation, 664

SCH 23390 measurement of cortical dopamine receptor binding, 1146

thromboembolic stroke, CBF and flow-metabolism uncoupling, 202

transforming growth factor-β, after cerebral ischemia, 820

Posture

and hemodynamics in brain ischemia, 1058

Potassium channels

estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422

peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253

in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396

Programmed cell death