Abstract
extrastriate cortex activation, letters and figures, 1330
Acetazolamide
effect on CBF, blood volume, and oxygen metabolism, 1472
Acetylcholinesterase
brain, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295
cerebral, measurement with MP4A, 1354
inhibitors, radioligand binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, 144
measurement in brain, 114
Acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC)
in global ischemia, 734
Action potential
energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133
Adenosine
and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter ischemia, 503
transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929
Adenovirus
gene transfer, effect of cationic polymer and lipids, 1125
SAG effects, brain ischemia, 722
Adhesion molecules
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
Aglycemia
axon injury, ion channels in central white matter, 385
Akt
hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, effects of sodium orthovanadate, 1268
phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
Akt/protein kinase B
activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351
Alzheimer's disease
amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702
PET of brain acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, 295
traumatic brain injury, 1241
Amino acids
neuroactive, in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41
γAminobutyric acid. 1See GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid).
α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)
and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077
Amyloid β peptide
and cerebral endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702
Amyloid precursor protein
traumatic brain injury, 1241
Aneurysms
brain, coil-induced hemodynamics changes, 1464
subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, 1067
Angiogenesis
after stroke, macrophages, 1223
Angiography, magnetic resonance. See Magnetic resonance angiography.
Animal studies
baboon, acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114
baboon, dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
baboon, transforming growth factor-β after cerebral ischemia, 820
cat, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter ischemia, 503
cat, endothelium-derived relaxing factor and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO2 response, 937
cat, pial vessels, fractal branching pattern, 741
dog, basilar artery, heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215
dog, cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
gerbil, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351
gerbil, brain ischemia, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361
gerbil, hippocampal ischemia, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295
gerbil, hippocampus, sodium orthovanadate effects on neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268
monkey, intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
monkey, thromboembolic stroke, CBF and flow-metabolism uncoupling, 202
mouse, blood-brain barrier, GABA transport, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232
mouse, brain, aquaporin-9 expression in astrocytes, after cerebral ischemia, 477
mouse, brain infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
mouse, brain ischemia, attenuation by SAG, 722
mouse, brain ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436
mouse, cerebral ischemia, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442
mouse, cerebral ischemia, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430
mouse, cerebral ischemia, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557
mouse, female db/db, stroke in diabetes, 52
mouse, genetically engineered, traumatic brain injury, 1241
mouse, hypothermia effects on leukocyte adhesion in pial vessels, 1310
mouse, mitochondrial cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914
mouse, polyglobulic, erythropoietin effect on brain infarct volumes, 857
mouse, rat, chimpanzee, CNS inflammation, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374
mouse, reactive oxygen radicals in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2
mouse, transgenic, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972
rabbit, estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422
rabbit, myosin light chain phosphatase, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876
rat, ADC and metabolic disturbances after focal cerebral ischemia, 430
rat, angiogenesis after stroke, macrophages, 1223
rat, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15
rat, antisense oligonucleotides, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404
rat, apoptosis, traumatic brain injury, 1189
rat, apoptosis in traumatic brain injury, 344
rat, blood-brain barrier, adenosine transporter, 929
rat, blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins in neutrophil recruitment, 1115
rat, BMS-204352 effect in traumatic brain injury, 396
rat, brain, endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
rat, brain, focal ischemia and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865
rat, brain, ornithine decarboxylase, and ischemic damage, 945
rat, brain, R121920 effects in ischemia, 1208
rat, brain, reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320
rat, brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653
rat, brain hypoperfusion, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828
rat, brain ischemia, apoptosis signaling pathway, Bax translocation, 321
rat, brain ischemia, early c-fos induction, 550
rat, brain trauma, hemorrhagic hypotension, 847
rat, brain trauma, reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, 1259
rat, brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
rat, carboxypeptidase E expression after global ischemia, 1411
rat, cavernous sinus ganglia, parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149
rat, CBF, oxygen tension, and metabolism during functional activation, 511
rat, ceramide effect on brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34
rat, cerebral arterioles, nitric oxide synthase regulation, caveolin-1 role, 907
rat, cerebral ischemia, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568
rat, cerebral ischemia, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097
rat, cerebral ischemia, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541
rat, cerebral ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955
rat, cerebral microvessels after focal embolic stroke, 413
rat, corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, phosphorylation of CREB, cerebral ischemia, 1177
rat, embolic stroke, MRI of ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment, 964
rat, estrogen cytoprotection, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174
rat, forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
rat, gender and strain influence on neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, 211
rat, global ischemia, acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), 734
rat, glucose metabolism and CBF, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779
rat, hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, caspase role, 529
rat, hippocampus, mitochondrial function after cerebral ischemia, 1401
rat, HSP 110/105 family, in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
rat, HSP72 neuroprotection in stroke, 1303
rat, IBZM tracer for SPECT, haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, 92
rat, ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
rat, ischemia-reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein, 690
rat, ischemic preconditioning, ischemic brain edema and cerebrovascular injury, 22
rat, ischemic tolerance, bcl-2 antisense treatment, 233
rat, laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195
rat, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711
rat, neonatal brain, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105
rat, neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41
rat, neuronal MCP-1 expression, 69
rat, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation in middle cerebral arteries, 77
rat, optic nerve, ion channels in aglycemic axon injury in central white matter, 385
rat, Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
rat, peroxynitrite effects on intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, in cerebral arteries, 253
rat, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090
rat, spinal cord, glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects on extracellular space volume and tortuosity, 1077
rat, spontaneous hypertension, ceramide reduction of infarct size, 226
sheep, insulin-like growth factor-1 effect on postischemic white matter, 493
Anoxia
mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401
Apolipoprotein E
tissue clearing after cerebral infarction, 1199
in traumatic brain injury, 1241
Apomorphine
synaptic dopamine changes, PET, 1151
Apoptosis
Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
amyloid β peptide-induced, mitochondria and caspase role, 702
brain ischemia, Bax translocation, 321
in brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
caspase-3 and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
ceramide effect in brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, 34
cortical neurons, tPA role in neuronal death, 631
endothelial, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422
hippocampus, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, 351
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
ischemic brain, reactive oxygen radicals, 2
manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, cerebral ischemia, 557
mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
SAG effects, brain ischemia, 722
superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and cMyc, in cerebral ischemia, 163
traumatic brain injury, 1189
in traumatic brain injury, 344
Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)
ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964
and metabolic disturbances after focal cerebral ischemia, 430
and MRI perfusion, ischemia in stroke, 577
Aquaporin-9
astrocyte-specific expression, after cerebral ischemia, 477
Arm movements
intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
Arterial spin tagging
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
Arteries
basilar, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, effect of cationic polymer and lipids, 1125
basilar, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876
basilar, heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215
cerebral, parasympathetic innervation, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149
cerebral, unilateral occlusive disease, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
cerebral, vasospasm, protein kinase C, 887
middle cerebral, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation, 77
middle cerebral, neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, role of astrocytes, 1451
middle cerebral, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945
middle cerebral, P121920 neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia, 1208
middle cerebral, peroxynitrite effects on intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, 253
middle cerebral, protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865
Aspartate
in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41
Astrocytes
aquaporin-9 expression after cerebral ischemia, 477
HMPAO retention, 456
neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, 1451
Astrogliosis
glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects on extracellular space volume and tortuosity, spinal cord, 1077
Autoradiography
glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, brain trauma, 779
Axon injury
aglycemic, ion channels in central white matter, 385
translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321
Bcl-2
antisense, ischemic tolerance in brain, 233
in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
up-regulation, ceramide effect in brain ischemia, 34
Behavior
cerebral sensorimotor activation, reproducibility of, test-retest effect, functional MRI, 592
ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
Bias removal
PET, in graphical analysis method, 307
Binding sites
DASB, to serotonin transporter, 1342
dopamine D1 receptors, SCH 23390
measurement of, 1146
BioQuant
cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
Blood flow, cerebral (CBF)
and blood volume and oxygen metabolism, acetazolamide effects, 1472
blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
bolus method, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793
brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653
brain reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320
carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003
and cerebral blood volume, visual stimulation, PET, 608
cerebral ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436
coil-induced hemodynamics, brain aneurysm, 1464
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
endothelium-derived relaxing factor and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO2 response, 937
and flow-metabolism, stroke in primate model, 202
during functional activation, 511
hemorrhagic hypotension in brain trauma, 847
HMPAO retention in astrocytes, 456
ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804
ischemic preconditioning, vascular injury, 22
laser speckle imaging, 195
and metabolism, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779
model of steal phenomenon, 182
postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
regional and global, during visual stimulation, 664
spikes and synaptic activity, 1367
stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52
Blood pressure
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
Blood vessels
brain, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
cerebral microvessel patency, after focal embolic stroke, 413
cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422
forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835
neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541
pial, fractal branching pattern, 741
Blood volume
and CBF, visual stimulation, PET, 608
cerebral, reproducible measurement, 110
PET compartmental models, 635
Blood-brain barrier
adenosine transporter, 929
E- and P-selectins in neutrophil recruitment, 1115
GABA transport, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232
genomics of, 61
ischemic brain edema, and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22
neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921
in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393
phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276
BMS-204352
cerebral edema and motor impairment in traumatic brain injury, 396
Bolus method
vs. steady-state, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793
Box counting
fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741
Brain
acetylcholinesterase measurement, 114
acetylcholinesterase, measurement with MP4A, 1354
acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295
activation in mitochondrial disease, 85
aneurysm, coil-induced hemodynamics changes, 1464
aquaporin-9 expression in astrocytes, after cerebral ischemia, 477
arterioles, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, 907
and blood phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276
blood volume, reproducible measurement, 110
blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003
dopamine receptor binding, SCH 23390 measurement of, 1146
dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480
endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
endothelium, hypothermia effects on inflammation, 1310
energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067
extrastriatal D2 receptor density, parametric imaging, high-affinity ligand, 1493
extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330
fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, 995
focal ischemia, microvascular integrin, 835
focal ischemia, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, 711
focal ischemia and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865
glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160
glucose transport, kinetics and CBF during hypoglycemia, 653
gray matter, energy metabolism in signaling, 1133
hemorrhage, absence of ischemia, 804
human, glucose transport in gray and white matter, 483
hypoperfusion, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828
infarct volumes, erythropoietin function, 857
infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
injury, glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, 779
intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
ischemia, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter, 503
ischemia, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442
ischemia, and ischemic tolerance, HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, 811
ischemia, Bax translocation, 321
ischemia, bcl-2 antisense treatment, 233
ischemia, blood-brain barrier in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393
ischemia, carboxypeptidase E expression, 1411
ischemia, ceramide effect on bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34
ischemia, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430
ischemia, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436
ischemia, early c-fos induction, 550
ischemia, Fas (CD95) delay of cell death in hippocampus CA1 sector, 1422
ischemia, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972
ischemia, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568
ischemia, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097
ischemia, insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, 493
ischemia, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557
ischemia, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361
ischemia, mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
ischemia, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, 1401
ischemia, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541
ischemia, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945
ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
ischemia, programmed cell death, 99
ischemia, R121920 effects, 1208
ischemia, reactive oxygen radicals, 2
ischemia, SAG effects, 722
ischemia, sodium orthovanadate effects on hippocampal neuronal death, 1268
ischemia, superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, 163
ischemia, transforming growth factor-β, 820
ischemia, transient focal, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, 15
ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955
ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
ischemia-reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690
ischemic edema and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22
microvessels, after focal embolic stroke, 413
neonatal, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105
neurotransmitter inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982
perfusion, and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793
proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, cortical spreading depression, 218
reperfusion, after circulatory arrest, 1320
sensorimotor activation, reproducibility of, test-retest effect, functional MRI, 592
stroke genomics, 755
trauma, apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, 344
trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
trauma, hemorrhagic hypotension, 847
trauma, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, 914
trauma, reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, 1259
traumatic injury, apoptosis, 1189
vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
vascularity, angiogenesis after stroke, macrophages, 1223
vasospasm, protein kinase C, 887
Bumetanide
and Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711
Butyrylcholinesterase
radiolabeled cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
Calcium
homeostasis, and adenosine, gray and white matter ischemia, 503
and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887
Calcium channels
in aglycemic axon injury, central white matter, 385
estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422
Calpain
and caspase-3, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
Carbon dioxide
regional and global CBF, during visual stimulation, 664
stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003
vascular responsiveness, endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, 937
Carboxypeptidase E
expression after global ischemia, 1411
Caspase-3
and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
Caspases
in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702
Bax translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321
brain trauma, neuronal DNA fragmentation, 344
in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, 529
manganese superoxide dismutase effects, cerebral ischemia, 557
Par-4 in ischemic neuronal cell death, 334
programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
traumatic brain injury, apoptosis, 1189
Caveolin-1
in estrogen-mediated regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, 907
Cavernous sinus ganglia
parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149
ced genes
in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
Cell death. See Neuronal death.
Central nervous system
inflammation, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374
white matter, ion channels in aglycemic axon injury, 385
Ceramide
in brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34
infarct size, ischemic tolerance, 226
Cerebellum
parametric imaging, extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
model of steal phenomenon, 182
transforming growth factor-β1, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 157
Cerebrovascular system
endothelial nitric oxide synthase, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907
facial pain, 1171
HSP70 marker of injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22
in hydrocephalus, 285
c-fos
early induction after cerebral ischemia, 550
Chemokines
broad-spectrum inhibitor, neuroprotection in ischemia-reperfusion, 683
MCP-1, neuronal expression in remote injury, 69
receptor antagonist peptide, protection in cerebral ischemia, 1430
Cholinesterase
radiolabeled substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
Classification
protein kinase C isoforms, cerebral vasospasm, 887
Cloning
adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929
Cluster headache
magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
c-Myc protein
superoxide dismutase down-regulation of, in cerebral ischemia, 163
Cognitive function
in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396
Coil
endovascular embolization, pulsatile flow, brain aneurysm, 1464
Compartments
dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480
exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
PET models, 635
Corpus callosum
oligodendrocytes, focal cerebral ischemia, phosphorylation of CREB, 1177
Corticotropin-releasing factor
antagonist R121920, neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia, 1208
Cromakalim
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB)
phosphorylation, oligodendrocytes in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, 1177
Cyclooxygenase-I
deficiency, ischemic brain injury, 1436
Cysteine proteases
brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
Cytochrome c
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
manganese superoxide dismutase effects, cerebral ischemia, 557
mitochondrial, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
mitochondrial, in brain trauma, 914
neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921
Cytokines
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
proinflammatory, cortical spreading depression, gene expression in brain, 218
transforming growth factor-β1 in CSF, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 157
Cytoprotection
antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, cerebral ischemia, 15
ceramide effect on brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34
c-fos induction, cerebral ischemia, 550
by estrogen, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174
insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, cerebral ischemia, 493
in ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711
neuronal DNA fragmentation, traumatic brain injury, 344
binding to serotonin transporter, 1342
Degeneration
glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013
Dentate gyrus
gender and strain influence on neurogenesis, 211
Depression, cortical spreading
laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195
proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in brain, 218
Development
neonatal brain, hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, 1105
Diabetes
stroke in female db/db mouse, 52
Differential display
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
Diffusion coefficient, apparent. See Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).
Digital image processing
fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741
Distribution volume
bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307
dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469
DNA
in oxygen-glucose deprivation, caspase-3
and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
DNA fragmentation
Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
in brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
hyperglycemia effect, cerebral ischemia, 568
mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
mitochondrial cytochrome c release, in brain trauma, 914
neuronal, traumatic brain injury, 344
neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921
in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
Dopamine
apomorphine-induced changes, 1151
D1 receptor, SCH 23390 measurement of binding, 1146
D2 receptor, extrastriatal, parametric imaging, 1493
endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613
haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982
mesolimbic transmission, PET, 1034
receptors, haloperidol affinity, IBZM and SPECT, 92
transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469
Double-saturation method
parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptor, 1493
Down regulation
by superoxide dismutase, of NF-κB and c-Myc, cerebral ischemia, 163
cerebral, in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396
ischemic brain, and cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22
Editorial
The Journal in 2001: Looking Forward and Looking Backward, 1
Electrical stimulation
oxygen-dependent phosphorescence quenching, during functional activation, 511
Electroencephalography (EEG)
spikes, synaptic activity, and CBF, 1367
Electron microscopy
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41
protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865
Electrophysiology
laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195
spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367
Embolism
cerebral microvessel patency, after focal stroke, 413
Endothelium
blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
cerebral, hypothermia effects on inflammation, 1310
cerebral arterioles, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of nitric oxide synthase, 907
heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215
microvascular integrin, during focal brain ischemia, 835
middle cerebral arteries, neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation, 77
vascular, MMP-9 expression in white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor
and nitric oxide, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO2 response, 937
Energy metabolism
and ADC after focal cerebral ischemia, 430
and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067
during functional activation, 511
oxidative metabolism of visual cortex, 1384
signaling in brain gray matter, 1133
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, hypothermia effects, 1310
Enzymes
acetylcholinesterase, cerebral, measurement with MP4A, 1354
acetylcholinesterase, measurement in brain, 114
acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, PET in Alzheimer's disease brain, 295
Akt/protein kinase B, activation in ischemic tolerance, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351
carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411
caspases, Bax translocation after cerebral ischemia, 321
caspases, brain trauma, neuronal DNA fragmentation, 344
caspases, in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702
caspases, in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, 529
caspases, in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
caspases, Par-4 in ischemic neuronal cell death, 334
caspases, traumatic brain injury, apoptosis, 1189
cholinesterase, radiolabeled substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
cyclooxygenase-I, deficiency, ischemic brain injury, 1436
cysteine proteases, brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
heme oxygenase-1, gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215
heme oxygenase-1 and manganese superoxide dismutase, brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
manganese superoxide dismutase, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 activation, cerebral ischemia, 557
matrix metalloproteinase-9, in microglia and vascular endothelium of white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828
matrix metalloproteinase, oxidative stress-associated blood-brain barrier disruption, 1393
nitric oxide synthase, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15
nitric oxide synthase, endothelial, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907
nitric oxide synthase, proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, cortical spreading depression, in brain, 218
ornithine decarboxylase, and ischemic brain damage, 945
phosphatase, myosin light chain, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876
protein kinase C, and cerebral vasospasm, 887
superoxide dismutase, down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, cerebral ischemia, 163
Epilepsy
forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
Erythropoietin
and cerebral infarct volumes, 857
Estradiol
cerebroarterial relaxation induced by, 422
Estrogens
cytoprotection, in subarachnoid hemorrhage, 174
nitric oxide synthase regulation, caveolin-1 role, 907
stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52
Extracellular space
volume and tortuosity, spinal cord, effects of glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA, 1077
Eye movements
intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
MCP-1 expression in remote injury, 69
Facial pain
magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
Fas (CD95)
and cell death in hippocampal CA1 sector, after global ischemia, 1422
Fas system
in programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
Fasudil hydrochloride
metabolite vasorelaxing mechanism, myosin light chain phosphatase, 876
Fixation
intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
FLB 457 ligand
parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493
Flow cytometry
leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, hypothermia effects, 1310
Fluorine-18
acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, radioligand binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, 144
Fluorodeoxyglucose
lumped constant, human brain, 995
Fractal geometry
arborization in pial vasculature, 741
Free radicals
antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, cerebral ischemia, 15
brain endothelial apoptosis, metabotropic glutamate receptors, 262
mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401
neuronal DNA fragmentation, traumatic brain injury, 344
oxygen, in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and cMyc, in cerebral ischemia, 163
in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41
neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451
transport, blood-brain barrier, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232
Ganglia
cavernous sinus, parasympathetic innervation of cerebral arteries, 149
GAT2/BGT-1
GABA transport at blood-brain barrier, 1232
Gender differences
neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, 211
Gene expression
adenovirus-mediated, cationic polymer and lipid effects, 1125
blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
heme oxygenase-1, endothelial dysfunction, 1215
ischemic stroke, 755
proinflammatory cytokines, cortical spreading depression, 218
transforming growth factor- β after cerebral ischemia, 820
Gene therapy
stroke, neuroprotection by HSP72, 1303
Genetic engineering
traumatic brain injury, 1241
Genetic factors
programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
Glial cells
cerebral glucose transport, 1160
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
Glucose
brain transport, kinetics and CBF during hypoglycemia, 653
cerebral, antisense oligonucleotides, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404
deprivation, caspase-3 and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
deprivation, tPA role in neuronal death, 631
metabolism, and CBF, thromboembolic stroke, 202
metabolism, fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, human brain, 995
metabolism and CBF, uncoupling after cerebral contusion, 779
transporter, HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105
transporters, cerebral, glial cell function, 1160
transporters, in human brain gray and white matter, 483
Glutamate
cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067
energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133
and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077
in forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41
metabotropic receptor, endothelial cell apoptosis, 262
metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013
and Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 711
neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451
transporter GLAST, antisense oligonucleotides, neurometabolic coupling, 404
Glutamine
in hippocampus and striatum, during hypoglycemia, 41
Glutathione
HMPAO retention in astrocytes, 456
Glycolysis
in neurons, oxidative metabolism of visual cortex, 1384
Gp91-phox
induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374
Granulomatous disease
gp91-phox induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374
Graphical analysis
bias removal, PET, 307
Gray matter
adenosine and calcium homeostasis, brain ischemia, 503
cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160
energy metabolism in signaling, 1133
glucose transporters, in human brain, 483
affinity to dopamine receptors, IBZM and SPECT, 92
inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982
Head injury
glucose metabolism and CBF uncoupling, 779
Head motion
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
Headache
cluster, magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
Heart
circulatory arrest, brain reperfusion, 1320
Heat shock proteins
110/105 family, in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
HSP70, marker of cerebrovascular injury, ischemic preconditioning, 22
hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972
HSP72, neuroprotection in stroke, 1303
Heme oxygenase-1
brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215
Hemodynamics
brain ischemia, postural effects, 1058
CBF and blood volume, visual stimulation, PET, 608
coil-induced, brain aneurysm, 1464
hemorrhagic hypotension in brain trauma, 847
Hemorrhage
aneurysmal subarachnoid, cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, 1067
delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964
hypotension, in brain trauma, 847
intracerebral, absence of ischemia, 804
intracerebral, neuronal serum proteins, cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, 921
subarachnoid, estrogen neuroprotection, 174
subarachnoid, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157
HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105
Hippocampus
CA1 neuronal death, cytochrome c loss from mitochondria, caspase role, 529
CA1 neurons, Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, 351
CA1 sector, cell death after global ischemia, Fas (CD95) role, 1422
HSP 110/105 family, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
ischemia, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295
mitochondrial function after cerebral ischemia, ischemic preconditioning, 1401
neuroactive amino acid distribution, during hypoglycemia, 41
neuronal death, sodium orthovanadate effects after forebrain ischemia, 1268
Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
HMPAO
retention in astrocytes, 456
Hybridization, in situ
adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929
carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411
hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422
HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
MCP-1 neuronal expression in remote injury, 69
neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541
Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, ischemia-reperfusion, 690
Hybridization, subtractive
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
Hydrocephalus
cerebrovascular adaptation, 285
subarachnoid hemorrhage, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157
Hydroxyfasudil
vasorelaxing mechanism, myosin light chain phosphatase, 876
5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)
transporter, DASB binding, 1342
Hyperglycemia
DNA fragmentation after cerebral ischemia, 568
stroke in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52
Hypertension
spontaneous, ceramide reduction of infarct size, 226
spontaneous, neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, gender and strain influence, 211
Hypoglossal nerve
MCP-1 expression in remote injury, 69
Hypoglycemia
brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653
neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum, 41
Hypotension
hemorrhagic, in brain trauma, 847
Hypothermia
leukocyte adhesion in pial vessels and cerebral endothelium, 1310
Hypoxia
preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, neonatal brain, 1105
for SPECT, haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, 92
Image analysis
ADC and MRI perfusion, ischemic stroke, 577
cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133
extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330
fractal arborization in pial vasculature, 741
ischemia-reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
laser speckle of CBF, 195
mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
parametric, extrastriatal D2
receptor density, 1493
Immunocytochemistry
c-fos induction, cerebral ischemia, 550
hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
Immunohistochemistry
acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), in global ischemia, 734
Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
cerebral arteries, parasympathetic innervation, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149
cerebral infarct volumes, erythropoietin effect, 857
cerebral microvessel patency, after focal embolic stroke, 413
cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, phosphorylation of CREB, cerebral ischemia, 1177
extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, effects of glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA, 1077
gp91-phox induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374
HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
MCP-1 neuronal expression in remote injury, 69
microglia/macrophage proliferation in striatum and neocortex, brain ischemia, 361
microvascular integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835
mitochondrial cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914
neuroactive amino acids in hippocampus and striatum during hypoglycemia, 41
neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, gender and strain differences, 211
neutrophil recruitment across blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115
Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
subarachnoid hemorrhage, transforming growth factor-;gb1 in CSF, 157
Infarction
brain, erythropoietin effect on volumes, 857
ceramide effects, ischemic tolerance, 226
cerebral, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
cerebral, volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097
cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160
Na-K-Cl cotransporter, cerebral ischemia, 71
Inflammation
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, ischemia-reperfusion, 683
cerebral endothelium, hypothermia effects, 1310
CNS, gp91-phox induction in microglia, 374
neutrophil recruitment across blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115
Infrared spectroscopy
reproducible measurement of cerebral blood volume, 110
Ingvar, David H., In Memoriam, 193
Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP)
traumatic brain injury, 1189
Insulin-like growth factor-1
neuroprotection, hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268
reduction of postischemic white matter injury, 493
Integrin
microvascular, during focal brain ischemia, 835
Intelligence
blood-brain phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276
Interleukins
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
Ion channels
acid-sensing 2a, in global ischemia, 734
aglycemic axon injury in central white matter, 385
BMS-204352 effect in traumatic brain injury, 396
estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422
Na-K-Cl transporter, in focal cerebral ischemia, 711
Ischemia
absence of, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804
brain, neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451
cerebral, adenosine and calcium homeostasis, gray and white matter, 503
cerebral, Akt phosphorylation and neuronal survival, 1442
cerebral, and ischemic tolerance, HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, 811
cerebral, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
cerebral, attenuation by SAG, 722
cerebral, Bax translocation, 321
cerebral, blood-brain barrier in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393
cerebral, carboxypeptidase E expression, 1411
cerebral, ceramide effect on bcl-2 up-regulation, TUNEL-positive cells, 34
cerebral, chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, 1430
cerebral, cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436
cerebral, early c-fos induction, 550
cerebral, Fas (CD95) delay of cell death in hippocampus CA1 sector, 1422
cerebral, focal, and reperfusion, protein aggregation, 865
cerebral, focal, microvascular integrin, 835
cerebral, global, acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), 734
cerebral, hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972
cerebral, hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, 568
cerebral, infarct volume reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097
cerebral, insulin-like growth factor-1 effects on white matter, 493
cerebral, manganese superoxide dismutase effects on cytochrome c and caspase-9, 557
cerebral, microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, 361
cerebral, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, 1401
cerebral, Na-K-Cl cotransporter, 711
cerebral, neuropilin-1 up-regulation in neovasculature, 541
cerebral, ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, 945
cerebral, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
cerebral, programmed cell death, 99
cerebral, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090
cerebral, R121920 effects, 1208
cerebral, reactive oxygen radicals, 2
cerebral, SAG effects, 722
cerebral, superoxide dismutase down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, 163
cerebral, transforming growth factor- β, 820
cerebral, transient focal, antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, 15
cerebral, tyrosine phosphorylation of SynGAP, 955
cortical neurons, tPA role in neuronal death, 631
delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, MRI markers, 964
focal cerebral, ADC and energy metabolism, 430
focal cerebral, astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9, 477
focal cerebral, phosphorylation of CREB, corpus callosum oligodendrocytes, 1177
forebrain, mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
forebrain, sodium orthovanadate effects on hippocampal neuronal death, 1268
glutamate metabotropic receptors, endothelial cell apoptosis, 262
hippocampus, prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, 1295
preconditioning, ischemic brain edema and cerebrovascular injury, 22
preconditioning, mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401
reperfusion, broad-spectrum chemokine inhibitor, 683
reperfusion, Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690
stroke, ADC and MRI perfusion, 577
stroke, gene expression, 755
stroke, neuroprotection by HSP72, 1303
tolerance. See Tolerance, ischemic.
acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307
brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653
dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480
endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613
glucose transport in human brain gray and white matter, 483
haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, IBZM tracer for SPECT, 92
MP4A measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
neurotransmitter inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982
oxidative metabolism in visual cortex, glycolysis in neurons, 1384
PET compartmental models, 635
in forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
Laser scanning confocal microscopy
protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865
Laser speckle imaging
CBF, 195
Least squares analysis
MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
Letter processing
extrastriate cortex activation, 1330
Leukocyte
adhesion, hypothermia effects on pial vessels, 1310
Ligands
endogenous, quantification by PET, 613
high-affinity FLB 457, parametric imaging of extrastriatal D2 receptors, 1493
PE21, dopamine transporter, Parkinson's disease, 782
PET compartmental models, 635
subtype-selective, glutamate metabotropic receptors, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013
Linear system
MRI, systems analysis, venous oxygenation, 517
Lipids
in adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, 1125
Lipopolysaccharides
ceramide effects, ischemic tolerance, 226
Lmo-1 promoter
hsp70i neuroprotective effects, 972
Lumped constant
fluorodeoxyglucose, human brain, 995
chemokine receptor antagonist peptide, cerebral ischemia, 1430
Macrophages
angiogenesis after stroke, 1223
brain infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
Magnetic resonance angiography
facial pain, 1171
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
ADC and energy metabolism, after focal cerebral ischemia, 430
brain reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320
cerebral infarct volumes, erythropoietin effect, 857
cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133
extrastriate cortex, activation with letters and figures, 1330
functional, and voltage-dependent sodium channels, in forepaw somatosensory activation, 585
functional, reproducibility of cerebral sensorimotor activation, test-retest effect, 592
ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment in embolic stroke, 964
perfusion, and ADC, ischemia in stroke, 577
systems analysis, venous oxygenation, 517
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
blood-brain phenylalanine ratios in phenylketonuria, 276
brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85
brain glucose transport, reversible Michaelis-Menten model, 653
glucose transporters, in human brain gray and white matter, 483
neurotransmitter synthesis and intermediary metabolism, neuronal survival, 1451
Mapping
brain ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
visual cortex, carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence, 1003
Mathematical analysis
acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
bias removal in graphical analysis, PET, 307
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, arterial spin tagging, 440
DASB binding to serotonin transporter, 1342
dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469
endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613
fractal branching pattern, pial vessels, 741
glucose transport in human brain gray and white matter, 483
haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982
laser speckle imaging, CBF, 195
MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
oxidative metabolism in visual cortex, glycolysis in neurons, 1384
parametric imaging, extrastriatal D2 receptor density, 1493
PET compartmental models, 635
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
shape analysis, brain acetylcholinesterase, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295
steal phenomenon, model of cerebral and cerebrovascular fluid circulation, 182
venous oxygenation, systems analysis of MRI, 517
Matrix
receptors, microvascular integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835
Matrix metalloproteinases
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
in microglia and vascular endothelium of white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828
oxidative stress-associated blood-brain barrier disruption, 1393
In Memoriam
David H. Ingvar, 193
Metallothioneins
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)
and extracellular space volume and tortuosity in spinal cord, 1077
receptor, proinflammatory cytokines, cortical spreading depression, gene expression in brain, 218
N-Methylpeperidin-4-yl acetate
shape analysis, brain acetylcholinesterase, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295
Microarray gridding
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
Microdialysis
cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067
reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, brain trauma, 1259
Microglia
CNS inflammation, gp91-phox induction, 374
and macrophages in striatum and neocortex, brain ischemia, 361
MMP-9 expression in white matter, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828
Microspheres
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
Migraine
magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
Mitochondria
in amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702
apoptosis signaling pathway, Bax translocation in brain ischemia, 321
cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914
in hippocampus after cerebral ischemia, ischemic preconditioning, 1401
programmed cell death, in cerebral ischemia, 99
Mitochondrial disease
brain activation, 85
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)
and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887
Models
See also Compartments.
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
Monocyte chemoattractant protein MCP-1
neuronal expression in remote injury, 69
Morphology
cerebrovascular adaptation in hydrocephalus, 285
MP4A
measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
Myosin light chain
phosphatase, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876
Myosin light chain kinase
and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887
caspase-3 and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
Neocortex
microglia/macrophage proliferation, brain ischemia, 361
Neurodegeneration
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
Neurogenesis
in dentate gyrus, gender and strain influence, 211
Neuromotor function
in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396
Neuronal death
See also Apoptosis.
Akt phosphorylation, cerebral ischemia, 1442
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
Fas (CD95) role, hippocampal CA1 sector, after global ischemia, 1422
hippocampus, sodium orthovanadate effects after forebrain ischemia, 1268
mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401
programmed, in cerebral ischemia, 99
protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865
Neurons
cortical, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, 1090
facial and hypoglossal, MCP-1 expression, 69
Neuropeptide Y
constriction and dilation in middle cerebral arteries, 77
Neuropharmacology
dual tracer single-acquisition PET, 1480
Neuropilin-1
up-regulation, in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541
Neuroprotection
See also Cytoprotection.
glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for drugs, 1013
heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, endothelial dysfunction, 1215
by HSP72, in stroke, 1303
hsp70i expression, 972
hypothermia effects on leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, 1310
prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide, after ischemia, 1295
R121920 effects in ischemia, 1208
sodium orthovanadate, hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268
Neurotransmitters
endogenous, inhibition of haloperidol binding, in psychosis, 982
GAT2/BGT-1 system, GABA transport at blood-brain barrier, 1232
and intermediary metabolism, glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, 1451
and spikes, synapses, and CBF, 1367
Neutrophils
blood-brain barrier, E- and P-selectins, 1115
Nitric oxide
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
cerebral, in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1067
and endothelium-derived relaxing factor, and endogenous opiates, vascular CO2 response, 937
in neuropeptide Y-mediated constriction and dilation of middle cerebral arteries, 77
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887
Nitric oxide synthase
antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15
endothelial, caveolin-1 role in estrogen-mediated regulation of, 907
proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, cortical spreading depression, in brain, 218
Nitrone radical scavengers
PBN and S-PBN, reactive oxygen species, traumatic brain injury, 1259
Northern blot analysis
adenosine transporter, blood-brain barrier, 929
carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411
HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105
hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422
Nuclear factor-κB
superoxide dismutase down-regulation of, in cerebral ischemia, 163
Nucleus accumbens
mesolimbic dopamine transmission, PET, 1034
letters and figures, extrastriate cortex activation, 1330
Oligodendrocytes
in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, phosphorylation of CREB, 1177
Oligodeoxynucleotides
antisense, to nitric oxide synthase, in transient focal cerebral ischemia, 15
antisense bcl-2, ischemic tolerance, 233
Oligonucleotides
antisense, glutamate transporter, neurometabolic coupling, 404
Opioid peptides
vascular CO2 responsiveness, endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, 937
Optic nerve
ion channels in aglycemic axon injury, 385
Ornithine decarboxylase
and ischemic brain damage, 945
Oxidative stress
amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702
blood-brain barrier, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
intracerebral hemorrhage, neuronal serum proteins, cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, 921
mitochondrial cytochrome c release, in brain trauma, 914
Oxygen
consumption, forepaw somatosensory activation, voltage-dependent sodium channels and functional MRI, 585
deprivation, caspase-3 and calpain in septo-hippocampal cells, 1281
deprivation, tPA role in neuronal death, 631
extraction fraction, brain ischemia, postural effects on hemodynamics, 1058
extraction fraction, ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804
free radicals, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090
metabolism, and CBF and blood volume, acetazolamide effects, 1472
metabolism, bolus method in cerebral perfusion, 793
metabolism, of visual cortex, 1384
reactive, trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, traumatic brain injury, 1259
reactive radicals, in signaling and damage in ischemic brain, 2
tension, during functional activation, 511
venous, systems analysis of MRI, 517
Oxyhemoglobin
heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215
facial, magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
Par-4
in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
Parametric imaging
extrastriatal D2 receptor density, high-affinity ligand, 1493
Parasympathetic innervation
cerebral arteries, cavernous sinus ganglia, 149
Parietal cortex
sensory guidance of reaching, 671
Parkinson's disease
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
dopamine transporter ligand PE21, 782
Partial volume effects
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
PBN and S-PBN
nitrone radical scavengers, reactive oxygen species, traumatic brain injury, 1259
PE21
dopamine transporter ligand, Parkinson's disease, 782
Peptides
prosaposin-derived 18-mer, neuroprotective effects after ischemia, 1295
Perfusion
ADC and MRI, ischemic stroke, 577
brain, MMP-9 expression in white matter, 828
cerebral, and oxygen metabolism, bolus method in PET, 793
focal brain ischemia, protein aggregation, 865
Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, 690
without ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, 804
Peroxynitrate
and intravascular pressure, CGRP, and cromakalim, in cerebral arteries, 253
pH
intracellular, brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85
Pharmacology
glutamate metabotropic receptor subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013
Phenylalanine
blood-brain ratios in phenylketonuria, 276
Phosphatase
myosin light chain, fasudil vasorelaxing mechanism, 876
Phosphates
high energy, brain activation in mitochondrial disease, 85
Phosphorescence quenching
oxygen-dependent, during functional activation, 511
Phosphorylation
Akt and neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
cAMP response element binding protein, oligodendrocytes in corpus callosum, focal cerebral ischemia, 1177
tyrosine, of SynGAP, in cerebral ischemia, 955
Physostigmine
acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114
Pial vessels
fractal branching pattern, 741
leukocyte adhesion, hypothermia effects, 1310
Piperidyl benzilate binding
acetylcholinesterase inhibition, 144
Plasma input
PET compartmental models, 635
Plasminogen activator, tissue-type (tPA)
neuronal death in ischemia, 631
Polymer
cationic, in adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, 1125
Positron emission tomography (PET)
acetazolamide effect on CBF, blood volume, and oxygen metabolism, 1472
acetylcholinesterase measurement in brain, 114
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
bias removal in graphical analysis method, 307
bolus method, cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, 793
brain acetylcholinesterase, shape analysis, in Alzheimer's disease, 295
carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence in visual cortex, 1003
CBF and blood volume, visual stimulation, 608
cerebral glucose transport, glial cell function, 1160
compartmental models, 635
DASB binding to serotonin transporter, 1342
dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
dopamine turnover, reversible tracer analysis, 469
dual tracer single-acquisition, 1480
extrastriatal D2 receptor density, high-affinity ligand (FLB 457), 1493
glucose metabolism, fluorodeoxyglucose lumped constant, human brain, 995
haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, in psychosis, 982
ischemia absence, around intracerebral hemorrhage, 804
mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
MP4A measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
postural effects on brain hemodynamics, 1058
quantification of endogenous ligand, 613
radiolabeled cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
regional and global CBF, during visual stimulation, 664
SCH 23390 measurement of cortical dopamine receptor binding, 1146
thromboembolic stroke, CBF and flow-metabolism uncoupling, 202
transforming growth factor-β, after cerebral ischemia, 820
Posture
and hemodynamics in brain ischemia, 1058
Potassium channels
estradiol-induced cerebroarterial relaxation, 422
peroxynitrate effects on vasodilatory responses, 253
in traumatic brain injury, BMS-204352 effect, 396
Programmed cell death
See also Apoptosis.
in cerebral ischemia, 99
Prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide
neuroprotective effects after ischemia, 1295
Proteases
proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090
Protein kinase C
and cerebral vasospasm, 887
Protein tyrosine kinase
and protein kinase C, cerebral vasospasm, 887
Proteins
aggregation, after focal brain ischemia and reperfusion, 865
neuronal serum, cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, intracerebral hemorrhage, 921
SAG, in ischemic brain, 722
Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptors, ischemia-reperfusion, 690
Proteolysis
after oxygen-glucose deprivation, cortical neurons, 1090
Psychosis
haloperidol inhibition by endogenous neurotransmitters, 982
neuroprotective effects in cerebral ischemia, 1208
Raclopride
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
Radiopharmaceuticals
cholinesterase substrates, structure-activity relationships, 132
Reaching
visual and somatosensory guidance, intraparietal cortex, 671
Receptors
chemokine, antagonist peptide, protection in cerebral ischemia, 1430
dopamine, haloperidol affinity, IBZM and SPECT, 92
dopamine, PET of mesolimbic transmission, 1034
dopamine D1, SCH 23390 measurement of binding, 1146
dopamine D2, extrastriatal, parametric imaging, high-affinity ligand, 1493
glutamate metabotropic, endothelial cell apoptosis, 262
glutamate metabotropic subtypes, targets for neuroprotective drugs, 1013
matrix, microvascular integrin, in focal brain ischemia, 835
muscarinic acetylcholine, piperidyl benzilate binding, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, 144
NMDA, proinflammatory cytokines, cortical spreading depression, gene expression in brain, 218
Tie-1 and Tie-2 protein, ischemia-reperfusion, 690
transferrin, blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
Reproducibility
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
Reserpine
dopamine depletion, endogenous ligand, quantification by PET, 613
Resting potential
energy metabolism in signaling, brain gray matter, 1133
Resuscitation
brain reperfusion after circulatory arrest, 1320
Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
leukocyte adhesion and endothelial inflammation, hypothermia effects, 1310
proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, cortical spreading depression, in brain, 218
prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide effects, hippocampal ischemia, 1295
transforming growth factor-, after cerebral ischemia, 820
Review Articles
Energy Budget for Signaling in Grey Matter of Brain, 1133
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes as Targets for Neuroprotective Drugs, 1013
Programmed Cell Death in Cerebral Ischemia, 99
Protein Kinase C and Cerebral Vasospasm, 887
Reactive Oxygen Radicals in Signaling and Damage in Ischemic Brain, 2
A Review and Rationale for Use of Genetically Engineered Animals in the Study of Traumatic Brain Injury, 1241
Stroke Genomics: Approaches to Identify, Validate, and Understand Ischemic Stroke Gene Expression, 755
Risk factors
ischemic stroke genomics, 755
intraparietal cortex, sensory guidance of reaching, 671
SAG protein
in ischemic brain, 722
SCH 23390
measurement of cortical dopamine receptor binding, 1146
Selectins
E- and P-, neutrophil recruitment across blood-brain barrier, 1115
Sensory activation
functional MRI and voltage-dependent sodium channels, 585
reproducibility, test-retest effect, functional MRI, 592
Sequence analysis
carboxypeptidase E, after brain ischemia, 1411
Serotonin. See 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)
Shape analysis
brain acetylcholinesterase, PET in Alzheimer's disease, 295
MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
Signal processing
ADC and MRI perfusion, ischemic stroke, 577
Signal transduction
in brain gray matter, energy metabolism, 1133
protein kinase C isoforms, cerebral vasospasm, 887
reactive oxygen radicals, 2
Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)
HMPAO retention in astrocytes, 456
IBZM tracer, haloperidol affinity to dopamine receptors, 92
SnPP9
heme oxygenase-1 gene transfer, 1215
Sodium
voltage-dependent channels, MRI response to somatosensory activation, 585
Sodium orthovanadate
neuroprotection, hippocampal neuronal death after forebrain ischemia, 1268
Spectroscopy
near infrared, reproducible measurement of cerebral blood volume, 110
Spikes
synaptic activity, and CBF, 1367
Spinal cord
glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects on extracellular space volume and tortuosity, 1077
Spreading depression. See Depression, cortical spreading.
Statistical analysis
MP4A kinetics, measurement of cerebral acetylcholinesterase, 1354
Steal phenomenon
model of cerebral and cerebrovascular fluid circulation, 182
Strain differences
neurogenesis in dentate gyrus, 211
Striatum
dopamine transporter ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
microglia/macrophage proliferation, brain ischemia, 361
microvessel patency, after focal embolic stroke, 413
neuroactive amino acid distribution, during hypoglycemia, 41
ventral, mesolimbic dopamine transmission, PET, 1034
Stroke
angiogenesis, macrophages, 1223
blood-brain barrier in oxidative stress, role of matrix metalloproteinase, 1393
cyclooxygenase-I deficiency, 1436
in diabetic female db/db mouse, 52
embolic, MRI of ischemia and hemorrhage, delayed t-PA treatment, 964
focal embolic, cerebral microvessels, 413
gp91-phox induction in microglia, CNS inflammation, 374
ischemic, ADC and MRI perfusion, 577
ischemic gene expression, 755
neuroprotection by HSP72, 1303
Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
thromboembolic, CBF and flow-metabolism uncoupling, 202
Superoxide dismutase
down-regulation of NF-κB and c-Myc, cerebral ischemia, 163
manganese, brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
manganese, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 activation, cerebral ischemia, 557
Synapses
apomorphine-induced dopamine changes, 1151
spikes, and CBF, 1367
Synaptic RAS-GTPase activating protein (SynGAP)
tyrosine phosphorylation in cerebral ischemia, 955
Systems analysis
MRI, venous oxygenation, 517
PET of mesolimbic dopamine transmission, 1034
Thrombosis
endovascular coil embolization, pulsatile flow, brain aneurysm, 1464
Tie-1 and Tie-2
receptor protein expression, ischemia-reperfusion, 690
Tissue culture
astrocytes, HMPAO retention, 456
CEC line, amyloid β peptide-induced cell death, mitochondria and caspase role, 702
cortical neurons, proteolysis after oxygen-glucose deprivation, 1090
cortical neurons, tPA role in neuronal death in ischemia, 631
NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, cationic polymer and lipid effects, 1125
septo-hippocampal cells, caspase-3 and calpain, after oxygen-glucose deprivation, 1281
Tissue input
PET compartmental models, 635
Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)
MRI of ischemia and hemorrhage, 964
Tissue remodeling
brain infarction, apolipoprotein E expression, 1199
Tolerance, ischemic
Akt/protein kinase B activation, CA1 neurons of hippocampus, 351
bcl-2 antisense treatment, 233
ceramide reduction of infarct size, 226
HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, 811
hypoxic preconditioning, HIF-1 target genes, neonatal brain, 1105
microglia/macrophages in striatum and neocortex, brain ischemia, 361
mitochondrial function in hippocampus, after cerebral ischemia, 1401
proinflammatory cytokine gene expression, 218
stroke genomics, 755
Tortuosity
spinal cord, glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects, 1077
Tracers
dual, single-acquisition PET, 1480
Transferrin
receptor, blood-brain barrier genomics, 61
Transforming growth factor-α
and volume of cerebral infarct, 1097
Transforming growth factor-β
after cerebral ischemia, 820
in CSF, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 157
Transporters
adenosine, blood-brain barrier, 929
brain glucose, kinetics and CBF during hypoglycemia, 653
dopamine ligand PE21, Parkinson's disease, 782
GABA, blood-brain barrier, GAT2/BGT-1 system, 1232
glucose, HIF-1 target genes, hypoxic preconditioning in neonatal brain, 1105
glucose, in human brain gray and white matter, 483
glutamate GLAST, antisense oligonucleotides, neurometabolic coupling, 404
Na-K-Cl, in focal cerebral ischemia, 711
serotonin, DASB binding, 1342
Trauma, brain
apoptosis, 1189
genetic engineered mouse, 1241
hemorrhagic hypotension, 847
mitochondrial cytochrome c release, 914
neuronal DNA fragmentation, 344
reactive oxygen trapped by nitrone radical scavengers, 1259
Trigeminal nerve
facial pain, magnetic resonance angiography, 1171
Tumor necrosis factor-α
brain trauma, genetic engineered mouse, 1241
brain vascular supply, cyclic activation and inactivation, 244
ceramide effects, ischemic tolerance, 226
TUNEL staining
amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702
ceramide effect in brain ischemia, bcl-2 up-regulation, 34
hyperglycemia effect on DNA fragmentation, cerebral ischemia, 568
neuronal DNA fragmentation, brain trauma, 344
prosaposin-derived 18-mer peptide, neuroprotective effects after ischemia, 1295
Tyrosine
phosphorylation of SynGAP, in cerebral ischemia, 955
bcl-2, ceramide effect in brain ischemia, 34
neuropilin-1, in neovasculature after cerebral ischemia, 541
fasudil hydrochloride metabolite, myosin light chain phosphatase, 876
Vasospasm
cerebral, protein kinase C, 887
Visual cortex
carbon dioxide for stimulus frequency dependence, 1003
oxidative metabolism, glycolysis in neurons, 1384
Visual stimulation
CBF and blood volume, PET, 608
extrastriate cortex activation, letters and figures, 1330
regional and global CBF, 664
Volume
blood, and CBF and oxygen metabolism, acetazolamide effects, 1472
cerebral infarct, reduction by transforming growth factor-α, 1097
extracellular, spinal cord, glutamate, NMDA, and AMPA effects, 1077
channel, astrocyte-specific expression of aquaporin-9, cerebral ischemia, 477
compartment exchange model, perfusion quantification, 440
Western blot analysis
acid-sensing ion channel 2a (ASIC), in global ischemia, 734
Akt phosphorylation, neuronal survival after cerebral ischemia, 1442
amyloid β peptide-induced endothelial cell death, 702
antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nitric oxide synthase, cerebral ischemia, 15
Bax translocation, brain ischemia, 321
carboxypeptidase E, expression after global ischemia, 1411
c-fos induction, cerebral ischemia, 550
hippocampal CA1 sector after global ischemia, Fas effect, 1422
HSP 110/105 induction in hippocampus, cerebral ischemia and ischemic tolerance, 811
ischemic preconditioning, ischemic brain edema and cerebrovascular injury, 22
MCP-1 neuronal expression in remote injury, 69
mitochondrial cytochrome c, caspase role in hippocampal CA1 neuronal death, 529
mitochondrial cytochrome c release in brain trauma, 914
neuronal serum proteins, intracerebral hemorrhage, cytochrome c and DNA fragmentation, 921
ornithine decarboxylase knockdown, brain ischemia, 945
Par-4 in ischemic neuron cell death, 334
protein aggregation, focal brain ischemia, 865
SAG effects, brain ischemia, 722
Tie-1 and Tie-2 receptor protein expression, ischemia-reperfusion, 690
White matter
adenosine and calcium homeostasis, brain ischemia, 503
glucose transporters, in human brain, 483
MMP-9 expression, cerebral hypoperfusion, 828
postischemic, insulin-like growth factor-1 effects, 493
Wortmannin
Akt/protein kinase B activation in ischemic tolerance, hippocampus, 351