This work investigates the effect of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) on acupuncture analgesia in the rat. Electrical stimulation of PVN or injection of L-glutamate sodium into PVN could enhance the analgesic effect induced by acupuncture Zusanli(St. 36) while the electrical cauterization of PVN is decreased; Removal of the pituitary could not influence the effect of enhancing acupuncture analgesia induced by the injection of L-glutamate sodium into PVN. These results suggest that PVN might play an important role in acupuncture analgesia through central nervous system.
SwansonL.W. and SawchenkoP.E. Paraventricular nucleus: A site for the integration of neuroendocrine and automonic mechanisms. Neuroendocrinology31:410–417, 1980
2.
SwansonL.W. and SawchenkoP.E. Separate neurons in the paraventricular nucleus project to the median eminence and to the medulla or spinal cord. Brain Res 198:190- 195, 1980
3.
MckinleyA.J.Volume regulation of antidiuretic hormone secretion. Neurobiology of Vasopressin4:61–100, 1985
4.
SklarA.H. and SchrierR.W. Central nervous system mediators of vasopressin release. Physiological Rew63:1243–1280, 1983
5.
ZimmermanE.A. Oxytocin, vasopressin neurophysins.In: Krieger, D.T.(Eds.), Brain Peptides. John Wiley & Sons Inc press, p598–611, 1983
6.
SongC.Y.. The effect of ventricular injection of pituitrin, oxytocin an ADH on groaning response. Acta Physiological Sinia33:238–242, 1981
7.
SongC.Y. . The effect of intraventricular injection of oxytocin, ADH and pituitrin on groaning response in conscious cats. Acta Physiological Sinia36:336–341, 1984
8.
SongC.Y.. The effect of intraventricular injection of arginine vasopressin on acupuncture analgesia in the rat. Chin J APPI Physiol7:26–30, 1991
9.
De VriesG.J. and BuijusR.A.The origin of the vasopressineric and oxytocinergic innervation of the rat brain with special reference to the lateral septum. Brain Res732:307–317, 1983
10.
SwansonL.W. and MckellarS.The distribution of oxytocin- and neurophysin- stained fibers in the spinal cord of the monkey. J Comp Neurol188:87–106, 1979
11.
SwansonL.W. and KuypersH.G.J.M. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: Cytoarchitectonie subdivisions and organization of projections to the pituitary, dorsal vagal complex, and spinal cord as demonstrated by retrograde fluorescence double-labeling methods. J Comp Neurol194:555–570, 1980
12.
PalkovitsA. and ZaborszkyL.Neural connections of the hypothalamus. In: MorganeP.J. and PankseppJ. (Eds.). Anatomy of the hypothalamus. Marcel Dekkep Inc press, New York, 1979
13.
NieuweenhuysR.Chemoarchitecture of the brain. Springer-Verlag press, Berlin, pl78, 1985
14.
ConstantiA. and NistriA.A comparative study of the effects of glutamate and kainate on the lobster muscle fiber and the frog spinal cord. Br J Pharmac57:359–368, 1976
15.
ZimmermanE.A. The organization of oxytocin and vasopressin pathways. In: Martin, J.B. . (Eds.). Neurosecretion and Brain Peptides. Raven Press, New York, p63–92, 1981
16.
GoldsmithP.C. and ZimmermanE.A. Ultrastructural localization of neurophysin and vasopressin in the rat median eminence. Endocrinology96:239–253, 1975
17.
HawthornJ.. Localization of vasopressin in the brain. Brain Res 197:7583, 1980
18.
SofroniewM.V. Projections from vasopressin, oxytocin and neurophysin neurons to neural targets in the rat and human. J. Histochem Cytochem28:475–487, 1980
19.
SofroniewM.V. and WeindlA.Extrahypothalamic neurophysin-containing perikarya, fiber pathways and fiber clusters in the rat brain. Endocrinology 102:334340, 1978
20.
BuijsR.M. The specific localization of vasopressin and oxytocin pathways in the central nervous system. In: Dorner, G. and Kawakami, ?.(Eds.I. Hormones and Brain Development. Elsevier North-Holland Biomedical press, Amsterdam, p233–261, 1978
