Healthy eating habits among mothers both before and throughout pregnancy are beneficial for their own well-being, the fetus and the child in adulthood.
OBJECTIVE:
Our aim was to study the link between the quality of the diet of parturients and the birth weight of newborns.
METHODS:
The diversity scores (DDS) and dietary variety scores (DVS) were used to assess the quality of the diet, and the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and the nutrient adequacy ratio were calculated and compared in 200 parturients (Controls) who gave birth to normal-weight (NW) newborns and 200 parturients (Cases) who gave birth to low birth weight (LBW) newborns.
RESULTS:
Mean DDS was 7.01±1.36 in controls and 4.55±1.60 in cases. The mean DVS was 13.31±3.28 in controls vs 8.11±4.60 in the cases (P < 0.001). The MAR index of controls 0.84±0.004 was higher compared to cases 0.70±0.004. The lowest NAR values are found for calcium (0.60±0.02 vs 0.34±0.01), iron (0.66±0.01 vs 0.50±0.01), folates (0.68±0.011 vs 0.48±0.009) in controls and cases respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
The diets of women with LBW newborns do not meet the basic nutritional needs for a successful pregnancy and childbirth.
Unicef, United Nations Children’s Fund and World Health Organization, Low Birthweight: Country, regional and global estimates. New York: UNICEF, 2004.
2.
BarkerDJP. Mothers, babies, and disease in later life. BMJ publishing group London. 1994;7(5):673–4.
3.
WHO, UNICEF-WHO low birthweight estimates: levels and trends 2000–2015. 2019, World Health Organization.
4.
Ministère, Programme national de nutrition. Ministère de la santè Marocain, 2017. page 9.
5.
RizzoliR. Produits laitiers et santé osseuse. Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques. 2020;14(8):678–84.
6.
ElfaneH, et al. Study of the association of the nutritional profile of pregnant women with the birth weight of newborns in Morocco. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny. 2021;72(4):427–34.
7.
Serra-MajemL, et al. Updating the mediterranean diet pyramid towards sustainability: Focus on environmental concerns. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(23):8758.
8.
BarakatI, et al. Mediterranean diet pyramid of an adult Moroccan population: Comparison with the recommendations of the updated Mediterranean diet pyramid. The Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati. Fascicle VI-Food Technology. 2022;46(2):74–88.
9.
SahelK, et al. Food quality and nutritional status of school-going adolescents in the province of El Jadida in Morocco. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu higieny. 2022;73(4):423–33.
10.
Haut Commissariat au plan. Activité, emploi et chômage, premiers résultats (annuel), 2015. Haut Commissariat au plan, section Publications, 2016.
11.
World Health Organization. Use of a simple anthropometric measurement to predict birth weight. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (WHO). 1993;71(2):157–63.
12.
FAO. Minimum dietary diversity for women: a guide for measurement. Rome: FAO, 2016. 82.
13.
KennedyG, BallardT, DopM. Guidelines for measuring household and individual diet diversity. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.http://www.fao.org/3/a-i1983e.pdf, 2013.
14.
JohnsonNE, NitzkeS. Nutritional Adequacy of Diets of a Selected Group of Low-Income Women: Identification of Some Related Factors 1. Home Economics Research Journal. 1975;3(4):241–8.
15.
HatløyA, TorheimLE, OshaugA. Food variety—a good indicator of nutritional adequacy of the diet? A case study from an urban area in Mali, West Africa. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1998;52(12):891–8.
16.
WaijersPM, FeskensEJ, OckéMC. A critical review of predefined diet quality scores. British Journal of Nutrition. 2007;97(2):219–31.
17.
MziwiraM, LaironD, BelahsenR. Dietary habits of a Mediterranean population of women in an agricultural region of Morocco. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 2015;15(2):9807–10.
18.
OuzennouN, et al. Prevalence and social determinants of anemia in pregnant women in Essaouira Province, Morocco. Sante Publique. 2018;30(5):737–45.
19.
ChikhiK, BencharifA. La consommation de produits carnés en Méditerranée: Quelles perspectives pour l’Algérie. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens. 2016(115):435–40.
20.
TuratiF, et al. Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk: A review of southern European studies. British Journal of Nutrition. 2015;113(S2):S102–10.
21.
DinesV, et al. Preeclampsia and the Kidney: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications. Comprehensive Physiology. 2023;13(1):4231–67.
22.
KadawathagedaraM, KersuzanC, WagnerS, TichitC, GojardS, CharlesMA, … & de Lauzon-GuillainB. Adéquation des consommations alimentaires des femmes enceintes de l’étude ELFE aux recommandations du Programme national nutrition santé. Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique. 2017;52(2):78–88.
23.
VigoureuxS, et al. Consommations alimentaires et apports nutritionnels de femmes enceintes en situation de précarité socio-économique. Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme. 2021;35(1):59.
24.
Baoua SadouZ, Dahouenon-AhoussiE. Situation alimentaire et nutritionnelle des femmes en âge de procréer, les nourrissons et les jeunes enfants dans cinq communes du Bénin. 2018, EPAC/UAC/CAP.
25.
TebbaniF, OulamaraH, AgliA. Effects of maternal nutrition on weight gain during pregnancy. Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme. 2019;33(3):217–26.
26.
SellamEB, BourA. Anémie chez les femmes en âge de procréer au Maroc (Préfecture d’Oujda Angad). Antropo. 2014;32, 35–44.
27.
KüpersLK, et al. DNA methylation mediates the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on birthweight of the offspring. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2015;44(4):1224–37.
28.
Barker DJP. The Wellcome Foundation Lecture, The fetal origins of adult disease. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 1995;262(1363):37–43.
29.
TellyN, et al. Complications neonatales precoces du faible poids de naissance a douentza, region de mopti. Revue Malienne de Science et de Technologie. 2020;1(23):56–65.
30.
JemalK, AwolM. Minimum dietary diversity score and associated factors among pregnant women at Alamata General Hospital, Raya Azebo Zone, Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. (2019);1-6.
31.
MadzoreraI, et al. Maternal dietary diversity and dietary quality scores in relation to adverse birth outcomes in Tanzanian women. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2020;112(3):695–706.
32.
El–JamalS, et al. Assessment of diet quality in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2022;73(4):413–422.
