The demographic transition has become a dramatic global phenomenon, in which most
developing countries are now participating. While much has been written about the
impact of women’s roles and status on the transition, significantly less
has been said about the relationship in the other direction, i.e., the implications
of declining mortality and fertility for women’s lives. This paper
presents a review of the evidence on these consequences in developing countries. It
argues that although the demographic transition is generally a positive process for
women, there is not always a straightforward link to improvements in female status
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