Familial clustering of elevated antiphospholipid antibody levels has been described, but the reports are heterogeneous with regard to the characterization of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), coexisting autoimmune diseases and clinical implications. We report a familial occurrence of APS in two patients, in the presence of SLE in the mother and absence of autoimmune diseases in the daughter along with acquired circulating inhibitors in both cases: platelet inhibitor and factor IX inhibitor, respectively.
Exner T , Barber S , Kronenberg H , Rickard KA.Familial association of the lupus anticoagulant . Br J Haematol1980; 45: 89-96 .
2.
Arnett FC , Olsen ML , Anderson KL , Reveille JD.Molecular analysis of major histocompatibility complex alleles with the lupus anticoagulant . J Clin Invest1991; 87: 1490-1495 .
3.
Goldberg SN , Conti-Kelly AM , Greco TP.A family study of anticardiolipin antibodies and associated clinical conditions . Am J Med1995; 99: 473-479 .
4.
Asherson RA , Doherty DG , Vergani D , Khamashta MA , Hughes GRV.Major histocompatibility complex associations with primary antiphospholipid syndrome . Arthritis Rheum1992; 35: 142-145 .
5.
Gastineau DA , Kazmier FJ , Nichols WL , Browie EJW.Lupus anticoagulant: an analysis of the clinical and laboratory features of 219 cases . Am J Hematol1985; 19: 265-275 .
6.
Hasselaar P , Derksen RHWM , Blokzijl Let al.Risk factors for thrombosis in lupus patients . Am Rheum Dis1989; 48: 933-940 .
7.
Orlando E , Cortelazzo S , Marchetti M , Sanfratello R , Barbui T.Prolonged bleeding time in patients with lupus anticoagulant . Thromb Haem1992; 68: 495-499 .
8.
Miller K , Neely JE , Krivit W , Edson JR.Spontaneously acquired factor IX in a nonhemophiliac child . J Pediatr1978; 93: 232-234 .
9.
Castro O , Farber LR , Clyne LP.Circulating anticoagulants against factor IX and XI in systemic lupus erythematosus . Ann Intern Med1972; 77: 543-548 .
10.
Shapiro SS , Hultin M.Acquired inhibitors to the blood coagulation factors . Semin Thromb Haem1975; 1: 336-336 .
11.
Largo R , Sigg P , von Felten A , Straub PW.Acquired factor IX inhibitor in a non hemophiliac patient with autoimmune diseases . Br J Haematol1974; 26: 129-140 .