Abstract
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a thickening of the pylorus muscle, which connects the stomach to the duodenum. The exact etiology of this condition is not known, but some believe it is an acquired condition occurring after birth. Most cases occur in infants three to six weeks old. Diagnostic medical sonography is a highly important tool used in the diagnosis of HPS. It does not involve any radiation exposure, which makes it safer for infants. Many key characteristics of this condition help to make an accurate diagnosis. Some cases are treated with medications, but most patients have surgery to correct this condition, which has a very good prognosis. This case demonstrates the typical sonographic appearance of a 3½-week-old infant with HPS.