Parenteral Histamine 2 -Receptor Antagonists in the Pediatric Population

Abstract

Objective:

To provide a review of the use of parenteral histamine₂ (H₂)-receptor antagonists cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine in the pediatric population.

Data Sources:

Information was identified by MEDLINE and a review of journals. References cited in published articles and manufacturers' product information also were used.

Study Selection:

Information was selected for review if it addressed the parenteral administration of H₂-receptor antagonists in the pediatric population.

Data Extraction:

Data were extracted from references pertaining to the topic.

Data Synthesis:

Despite the lack of Food and Drug Administration pediatric labeling, the H₂-receptor antagonists often are used for a variety of indications in infants and children. Although these agents differ somewhat in chemical structure, potency, and pharmacokinetics, the most important differences exist in their drug interactions and adverse effect profiles. Further, administration methods, compatibility, and stability data differ slightly among the agents.

Conclusions:

Parenteral H₂-receptor antagonists are used for a variety of indications in infants and children. Despite their widespread use, additional studies are needed to define the optimal dosage regimens in this population.