Kamafugite ore contains a range of chemical elements, including rare-earth (REEs), agroelements, and titanium. This research aims to explore the changes in the crystalline structures of minerals present in Kamafugite lithotypes during heat treatment, particularly regarding micas, clays, chloritoid, and anatase. The impact of mixing the lithotypes with activated carbon during the heat treatment was also examined. Kamafugite contained more than 14% Ti and 56% Fe. Its REE content reached 2316.4 ppm, including 2071 ppm of light and 245.4 ppm of heavy REEs. Thermogravimetric analyses revealed that mass loss occurred due to water evaporation at lower temperature; breakdown of Kaolinite, Gibbsite, Gorceixite, and Goethite, was observed from 973 to 1173 K. Pseudobrookite appears at 1173 K, coinciding with anatase to rutile transformation. The presence of activated carbon increased the intensity of the diffraction peaks for pseudobrookite and rutile, suggesting a higher degree of crystallinity.
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