Beyond the Individual: Family-Level Impacts of Caregiver GLP-1 Use on Food Environments and Child Health Behaviors

Abstract

Parental behaviors shape children’s obesity risk, yet little is known about family-level implications of caregiver glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) use. This cross-sectional study surveyed caregivers who started GLP-1 medication for weight management within the past 6 months and lived with at least one child aged ≤18 years (n = 58). Guided by the Family Ecological Model, the survey assessed caregiver perceptions of family health behaviors since starting GLP-1 medication. Nearly half of caregivers reported offering healthier foods to children (46.6%) and increased focus on managing children’s nutrition and physical activity (50.0%). About one-quarter of caregivers reported healthier child eating (27.6%) and physical activity (24.1%). Most caregivers reported no change in child eating (67.2%) and physical activity (72.4%). Caregivers were more likely to report healthier foods offered following GLP-1 initiation when concern about a child’s weight had been raised by pediatrician (p = 0.02). Caregiver GLP-1 initiation may provide an opportunity to support family-centered obesity prevention.