There is a lack of clear evidence and guidelines on how to reverse anticoagulation prior to emergency and elective urological procedures. Our aim was to produce local hospital guidelines based on current evidence to simplify the perioperative process of stopping traditional and novel oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet therapy.
GreenBMendesRAVan der ValkRet al. Novel anticoagulants – an update on the latest developments and management for clinicians treating patients on these drugs. J Oral Pathol Med2016; 45: 551–556.
OpreaADNotoCJHalaszynskiTM.Risk stratification, perioperative and periprocedural management of the patient receiving anticoagulant therapy. J Clin Anesth2016; 34: 586–599.
6.
LevyJHFaraoniDSpringJLet al. Managing new oral anticoagulants in the perioperative and intensive care unit setting. Anesthesiology2013; 118: 1466–1474.
7.
CulkinDJExaireEJGreenDet al. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in urological practice: ICUD/AUA review paper. J Urol2014; 192: 1026–1034.
8.
MukerjiGMunasingheIRazaA.A survey of the peri-operative management of urological patients on clopidogrel. Ann R Coll Surg Engl2009; 91: 313–320.
HeidbuchelHVerhammePAlingsMet al. Updated European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Europace2015; 17: 1467–1507.
11.
BaronTHKamathPSMcBaneRD.Management of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing invasive procedures. N Engl J Med2013; 368: 2113–2124.
BertrandME.When and how to discontinue antiplatelet therapy. Eur Heart J Suppl2008; 10 (Suppl A): A35–A41.
15.
SiéPSamamaCMGodierAet al. Surgery and invasive procedures in patients on long-term treatment with direct oral anticoagulants: Thrombin or factor-Xa inhibitors. Recommendations of the Working Group on Perioperative Haemostasis and the French Study Group on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Arch Cardiovasc Dis2011; 104: 669–676.
16.
van VeenJJMakrisM. Management of peri-operative anti-thrombotic therapy. Anaesthesia2015; 70 (Suppl 1): 58–67,e21–e23.