This report used Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to analyze the conditions that extracting polysaccharide compound from Radix Bupleuri using ultrasonic wave. For determining the optimal extraction conditions, four independent variables, temperature (°C), ultrasonic intensity (UI, W/cm2), dilution rate (water-material ratio, mL/g) and time (min), were investigated using Box-Behnken design. In the results, the best condition after optimization was dilution rate of 35.0:1, UI of 24.5 W/cm2, temperature of 69.5°C and time of 14.6 min. Extraction efficiency was 7.67% and the purity reached 44.14%. It illustrates that the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was efficient and suitable for extracting polysaccharide from Radix Bupleuri. This paper also investigated the antioxidant activity of Radix Bupleuri polysaccharide (RBP) on superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picry-hydrazyl (DPPH), in vitro experiment. The result indicated that RBP could remarkably sweep away the hydroxyl radical, and had the capacity for clearing away superoxide radical and DPPH.
BenitoP.B., MartinezM.J.A., SenA.M.S., GómezA.S., MatellanoL.F., ContrerasS.S., LanzaA.M.D. (1998) In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of saikosaponins. Life Sciences, 63, 1147–1156.
3.
ChouC.C., PanS.L., TengC.M., GuhJ.H. (2003) Pharmacological evaluation of several major ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines in human hepatoma Hep3B cells. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19, 403–412.
4.
TsaiY.J., ChenI., HorngL.Y., WuR.T. (2002) Induction of differentiation in rat C6 glioma cells with Saikosaponins. Phytotherapy Research, 16, 117–121.
5.
KatoM., PuM.Y., IsobeK. I., IwamotoT., NagaseF., LwinT., ZhangY.H., HattoriT., YanagitaN., NakashimaI. (1994) Characterization of the immunoregulatory action of saikosaponin-d. Cellular Immunology, 159, 15–25.
6.
YinF., PanR., ChenR., HuL. (2008) Saikosaponins from Bupleurum chinese and inhibition of HBV DNA replication activity. Natural Product Communications, 3, 155–157.
7.
LiZ. Y., SunH.M., XingJ., QinX.M., DuG.H. (2015) Chemical and biological comparison of raw and vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 165, 20–28.
8.
ShiB., LiuW., WeiS., WuW. (2010) Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Bupleurum longiradiatum. Natural Product Communications, 5, 1139–1142.
9.
ZhaoR.Z., YuanD., LiuS.J., ChenY.J., LiuL.J., ZhaoY. (2010) Liver targeting effect of vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri on rhein in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 132, 421–428.
10.
WangY., GaoS.M., LiR., ZhangM., GaoS., YuC.Q. (2016) Antidepressant-like effects of the Radix Bupleuri and Radix Paeoniae Alba drug pair. Neuroscience Letters, 633, 14–20.
11.
ZhangY., LiuF., ZhangX., XuT., QuanW., WangH., ShiJ., DaiZ., WuB., WuQ. (2016) Recognition and identification of active components from Radix Bupleuri using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Biomedical Chromatography, 30, 440–446.
12.
CasigliaS., BrunoM., SenatoreF., SenatoreF. (2016) Chemical composition of the essential oil of Bupleurum fontanesii (Apiaceae) growing wild in sicily and its activity on microorganisms affecting historical art crafts. Natural Product Communications, 11, 105–108.
13.
HuangH.Q., SuJ., ZhangX., ShanL., ZhangW.D. (2011) Qualitative and quantitative determination of polyacetylenes in different Bupleurum species by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1218, 1131–1138.
14.
KačurákováM., CapekP., SasinkováV., WellnerN., EbringerováA. (2000) FT-IR study of plant cell wall model compounds: pectic polysaccharides and hemicelluloses. Carbohydrate Polymers, 43, 195–203.
15.
OgnyanovM., RemorozaC., ScholsH.A., GeorgievY., KratchanovaM., KratchanovC. (2016) Isolation and structure elucidation of pectic polysaccharide from rose hip fruits (Rosa canina L.). Carbohydrate Polymers, 151, 803–811.
16.
YangB., PrasadK.N., JiangY. (2016) Structure identification of a polysaccharide purified from litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pulp. Carbohydrate Polymers, 137, 570–575.
17.
KuttelM.M., StåhleJ., WidmalmG. (2016) CarbBuilder Software for building molecular models of complex oligo-and polysaccharide structures. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 37, 2098–2105.
18.
HeP., ZhangA., ZhangF., LinhardtR.J., SunP. (2016) Structure and bioactivity of a polysaccharide containing uronic acid from Polyporusumbella tussclerotia. Carbohydrate Polymers, 152, 222–230.
19.
KimI., HanJ.I. (2012) Optimization of alkaline pretreatment conditions for enhancing glucose yield of rice straw by response surface methodology. Biomass and Bioenergy, 46, 210–217.
20.
Maache-RezzougZ., PierreG., NouviaireA., MaugardT., RezzougS.A. (2011) Optimizing thermomechanical pretreatment conditions to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw by response surface methodology. Biomass and Bioenergy, 35, 3129–3138.
21.
TetikN., YükselE. (2014) Ultrasound-assisted extraction of d-pinitol from carob pods using response surface methodology. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 21, 860–865.
22.
CaiM., WangS., LiangH. (2012) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted ultrafiltration of Radix astragalus extracts with hollow fiber membrane using response surface methodology. Separation and Purification Technology, 100, 74–81.
23.
MaranJ.P., ManikandanS., ThirugnanasambandhamK., NivethaC.V., DineshR. (2013) Box-Behnken design based statistical modeling for ultrasound-assisted extraction of corn silk polysaccharide. Carbohydrate Polymers, 92, 604–611.
24.
XuH., ZhangY., ZhangJ., ChenD. (2007) Isolation and characterization of an anti-complementary polysaccharide D3-S1 from the roots of Bupleurum smithii. International Immunopharmacology, 7, 175–182.
25.
TahmouziS. (2014) Optimization of polysaccharides from Zagrosoak leaf using RSM: antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Carbohydrate Polymers, 106, 238–246.
