Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting men worldwide.
High mortality rates from advanced and metastatic prostate cancer in the United
States are contrasted by a relatively indolent course in the majority of cases.
This gives hope for finding methods that could direct personalized diagnostic,
preventative, and treatment approaches to patients with prostate cancer. Recent
advances in multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) offer a
noninvasive diagnostic intervention which allows correlation of prostate tumor
image characteristics with underlying biologic evidence of tumor progression.
The power of MP-MRI includes examination of both local invasion and nodal
disease and might overcome the challenges of analyzing the multifocal nature of
prostate cancer. Future directions include a careful analysis of the genomic
signature of individual prostatic lesions utilizing image-guided biopsies. This
review examines the diagnostic potential of MRI in prostate cancer.
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