Ensuring resilience in active distribution networks: A security-constrained robust approach with energy storage and demand response

Abstract

The escalating frequency and severity of unforeseeable events present significant hurdles to the security and dependability of power grids. Consequently, this paper delves into an investigation and puts forth an optimization model aimed at guaranteeing the security of active distribution networks (ADNs) comprising multi-microgrids, achieved through the efficient utilization of energy storage technologies and flexible demand strategies. The optimization model adopts a two-stage hierarchical approach. The initial stage is dedicated to simulating unpredictable events and assessing their impacts on the distribution network. In the subsequent stage, leveraging distributed renewable energy, energy storage facilities, and flexible loads, proactive and reactive measures are implemented to fortify system resilience, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of severe events. Additionally, to expedite load restoration, an independent microgrid partitioning approach is deployed in the reactive measures to swiftly restore the distribution network. To adequately address the uncertainty and risk associated with events impacting the performance of the proposed scheduling schemes, a robust optimization method is employed for modeling. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed approach is validated using an enhanced 33-node network, showcasing its prowess in enhancing the security of distribution systems. Case study analyses reveal that the proposed method reduces system operating costs and enhances consumer-side security when facing severe incidents by reducing outages and optimizing network capacity utilization.