WC-Co coatings were produced on SS 410 plates and subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures (from 300 to 900 °C). The microstructural studies and structural analysis of the coatings before and after heat treatment were carried out by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. From the Vickers indentation method, hardness values were measured, and higher microhardness was observed for the coatings after heat treatment. The sample that was heat-treated at 750 °C exhibited the highest hardness. From the sliding wear test results, the wear resistance of the coatings was observed as increased after the heat treatment. However, it was found that the heat-treated coatings at 600 °C exhibited higher wear resistance. Cracking and fracture were the dominant wear mechanisms observed for the heat-treated coatings, along with coating delamination and oxidation.
KrellPDLiSCongH. Synergistic effect of temperature and HCl concentration on the degradation of AISI 410 stainless steel. Corros Sci2017; 122: 41–52
2.
RajanRKKumarHAlbertSK, et al.Sliding friction and wear characteristics of grade 410 martensitic stainless steel. Appl Mech Mater2014; 592: 1346–1351. Trans Tech Publ.
3.
GovandeARChandakASunilBR, et al.Carbide-based thermal spray coatings: a review on performance characteristics and post-treatment. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater2022; 103: 105772
4.
WangQTangZChaL. Cavitation and sand slurry erosion resistances of WC-10Co-4Cr coatings. J Mater Eng Perform2015; 24: 2435–2443.
5.
LudwigGAMalfattiCFSchroederRM, et al.WC10Co4Cr Coatings deposited by HVOF on martensitic stainless steel for use in hydraulic turbines: resistance to corrosion and slurry erosion. Surf Coat Technol2019; 377: 124918
6.
LiuLGuBQChenY. Effect of plasma sprayed ceramic and cermet coatings on wear-out failure of high temperature ball valve. Key Eng Mater2008; 373: 11–14. Trans Tech Publ.
7.
SantacruzGShigueaki TakimiAVannucchi de CamargoF, et al.Comparative study of jet slurry erosion of martensitic stainless steel with tungsten carbide HVOF coating. Metals (Basel)2019; 9: 1–15, DOI: 10.3390/met9050600.
8.
SinghGKumarSSehgalSS. Erosion tribo performance of HVOF deposited WC-10Co-4Cr and WC-10Co-4Cr + 2%Y2O3 micron layers on pump impeller steel. Part Sci Technol2020; 38: 34–44.
9.
YuLKhorKLiH, et al.Restoring WC in plasma sprayed WC–Co coatings through spark plasma sintering (SPS). Surf Coat Technol2004; 182: 308–317.
10.
StewartDAShipwayPHMcCartneyDG. Influence of heat treatment on the abrasive wear behaviour of HVOF sprayed WC–Co coatings. Surf Coat Technol1998; 105: 13–24
11.
GhadamiFGhadamiSAbdollah-PourH. Structural and oxidation behavior of atmospheric heat treated plasma sprayed WC–Co coatings. Vacuum2013; 94: 64–68.
12.
WangTYeF. The elevated-temperature wear behavior evolution of HVOF sprayed tungsten carbide coatings: respond to heat treatment. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater2018; 71: 92–100
13.
KazasidisMVernaEYinS, et al.The effect of heat treatment and impact angle on the erosion behavior of nickel-tungsten carbide cold spray coating using response surface methodology. Emerg Mater2021; 4: 1605–1618.
14.
StoicaVAhmedRItsukaichiT. Influence of heat-treatment on the sliding wear of thermal spray cermet coatings. Surf Coat Technol2005; 199: 7–21.
15.
GallegoMChávezSCde la RocheJ, et al.Effect of heat treatment on the wet abrasion resistance of WC-10Co4Cr coatings deposited onto stainless steel by HVOF. Tribol - Mater Surf Interfaces2021; 16: 1–9.
16.
GovandeARKatiyarJKSunilBR, et al.Effect of heat treatment environment on the structural characteristics and microhardness of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed tungsten carbide-cobalt coatings. Materialwiss Werkstofftech2021; 52: 1346–1354
17.
AliOAhmedRFaisalNH, et al.Influence of post-treatment on the microstructural and tribomechanical properties of suspension thermally sprayed WC–12 wt% Co nanocomposite coatings. Tribol Lett2017; 65: 1–27.
18.
Khameneh AslSSohiMHHadaviS. The effect of the heat treatment on residual stresses in HVOF sprayed WC-Co coating. Mater Sci Forum2004; 465: 427–432. Trans Tech Publ.
19.
KimJBaikKSeongB, et al.Effects of post-spraying heat treatment on wear resistance of WC–Co nanocomposite coatings. Mater Sci Eng A2007; 449: 876–879.
20.
GhadamiFSohiMHGhadamiS. Effect of bond coat and post-heat treatment on the adhesion of air plasma sprayed WC-Co coatings. Surf Coat Technol2015; 261: 289–294.
21.
TangJSahaGCRichterP, et al.Effects of post-spray heat treatment on hardness and wear properties of Ti-WC high-pressure cold spray coatings. J Therm Spray Technol2018; 27: 1153–1164.
22.
IshikawaYKawakitaJKurodaS. Effect of spray condition and heat treatment on the structure and adhesive wear properties of WC cermet coatings. Mater Trans2005; 46: 1671–1676.
23.
YifuJWeichengKTianyuanS, et al.Effect of load on friction-wear behavior of HVOF-sprayed WC-12Co coatings. J Mater Eng Perform2017; 26: 3465–3473.
24.
WangHWangXSongX, et al.Sliding wear behavior of nanostructured WC–Co–Cr coatings. Appl Surf Sci2015; 355: 453–460
25.
MatthewsSAnsbroJBerndtC, et al.Thermally induced metallurgical transformations in WC-17Co thermal spray coatings as a function of carbide dissolution: part 2-heat-treated coatings. Int J Refract Met Hard Mater2021; 96: 105486.
26.
Di GirolamoGPilloniLPulciG, et al.Tribological characterization of WC–Co plasma sprayed coatings. J Am Ceram Soc2009; 92: 1118–1124.
AgyapongJCzekanskiABoakye-YiadomS. Effect of heat treatment on microstructural evolution and properties of cemented carbides (WC-17Co) reinforced with 3% volume hexagonal-boron nitride (h-BN) and processed by selective laser sintering (SLS). Mater Charact2021; 174: 110968.
29.
VashishthaNSapateSBagdeP, et al.Effect of heat treatment on friction and abrasive wear behaviour of WC-12Co and Cr3C2-25NiCr coatings. Tribol Int2018; 118: 381–399.
30.
Khameneh AslSSohiMHHokamotoK, et al.Study of phase transformations in heat treatment of HVOF thermally sprayed WC–17Co coating. Mater Sci Forum2008; 566: 161–166. Trans Tech Publ.
31.
LiCOhmoriAHaradaY. Formation of an amorphous phase in thermally sprayed WC-Co. J Therm Spray Technol1996; 5: 69–73.
32.
FengWRZhouH. Spraying distance dependence of microhardness on HVOF WC-Co coatings. Adv Mater Res2011; 291: 113–116. Trans Tech Publ.
33.
RichertMLeszczyńska-MadejB. Effect of the annealing on the microstructure of HVOF deposited coatings. J Achiev Mater Manuf Eng2011; 46: 95–102.
34.
HouGLAnYLZhaoXQ, et al.Effect of heat treatment on wear behaviour of WC–(W,Cr)2C–Ni coating. Surf Eng2012; 28: 786–790.
35.
AhmedRYuHEdwardsL, et al.Influence of vacuum heat treatment on the residual stress of thermal spray cermet coatings. World Congress Eng2007; II: 1181–1186. Citeseer.
36.
WangHQiuQGeeM, et al.Wear resistance enhancement of HVOF-sprayed WC-Co coating by complete densification of starting powder. Mater Des2020; 191: 108586.
37.
WangY-YLiC-JOhmoriA. Examination of factors influencing the bond strength of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed coatings. Surf Coat Technol2006; 200: 2923–2928.
