Approach to the Assessment of Platelet Function: Comparison between Optical-based Platelet-rich Plasma and Impedance-based Whole Blood Platelet Aggregation Methods

Abstract

Platelet aggregation studies play an important role in the assessment of hereditary and acquired platelet function defects. The first aggregation test introduced into laboratory practice used platelet-rich plasma (PRP) where aggregation was detected by an optical method. The assessment of platelet function using whole blood (WB) aggregation by an impedance method followed up nearly 20 years later. The WB impedance aggregation assay appears to be superior to the optical method because it 1) evaluates platelets in a physiologic milieu in the presence of red and white blood cells, which are known to modulate platelet function; 2) is faster; 3) has higher sensitivity; and 4) does not require centrifugation, thus avoiding injury to platelets and loss of giant thrombocytes. These two assays were compared. Clearly, the WB impedance aggregation methodology has many advantages over the optical PRP assay for the assessment of the hyperactive platelet syndrome and the effects of anti-platelet drugs.