The activation of platelets and monocytes has been implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We asked the question if postprandial lipemia following a fatcontaining meal is associated with platelet and monocyte activation and increased platelet-monocyte interaction. Thirteen healthy, normal weight, normolipemic males, 20 to 49 years, consumed a 40% fat meal of whole foods. Blood samples were obtained at fasting and 3½ and 6 hours after ingestion. Triglyceride levels increased to 48% over baseline at 3½ hours postconsumption and returned to fasting levels by 6 hours. Multiparameter flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies showed that the percentage of platelets expressing surface P-selectin and the activated conformation the GPIIb-IIIa receptor was significantly higher at 3½ hours compared to fasting. The percentage of platelet-monocyte aggregates increased by 36% at 3½ hours and 43% at 6 hours postconsumption. The percentage of monocytes expressing intracellular tumor necrosis factor-tx (TNF-ax) increased seven and eightfold at 3½ and 6 hours, respectively. The expression of interleukin-l,B (IL-1p increased in a similar manner. These data suggest activation of platelets and monocytes after a moderate fat meal. Repetitive activation of platelets and monocytes could be an early event in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis.
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