This article first speculates on why such little progress has been made regarding the effective application of educational simulation/games. It suggests that the field's eclectic foundation has been a virtue for its development but a vice regarding its rigorous assessment. The article then outlines the antecedents for generating a practical and cumulative body of literature, concluding with a number of recommendations as to how the field might accelerate the rate at which its literature accumulates.
Asa, I.
(1982). Management simulation games for education and research: A comparative study of gaming in the socialist countries. Simulation & Ganes, 13 (4), 379-412.
2.
Burgess, T. F
(1991). The use of computerized management and business simulation in the United Kingdom. Simulation & Gaming, 22 (2), 174-195.
3.
Butler, R. J.
, Markulis, P. M., & Strang, D. R. (1988). Where Are We? An analysis of the methods and focus of the research on simulation gaming. Simulation & Games, 19 (1), 3-26.
4.
Campbell, D. T.
, & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Chicago: Rand McNally.
5.
Campbell, J. P.
, Daft, R. L., & Hulin, C. L. (1982). What to study: Generating and developing research questions. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
6.
Campbell, J. P.
, Dunnette, M. D., Lawler, E. E., & Weick, K. E. (1970). Managerial behavior, performance, and effectiveness. New York: McGraw-Hill.
7.
Cartwright, H.
(1983). How the laws of physics lie. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
8.
Cecchini, A.
(1989, July). Games into Russian dolls: An attempt to realize a nested classification of games. Paper presented at the 1989 ISAGA Conference, Weimar, East Germany.
9.
Cecchini, A.
, & Frisenna, A. (1987). Gaming simulation: A general classification. Simulation/Games for Learning, 17 (2), 60-73.
10.
Cohen, K. J.
, Dill, W. R., Kuehn, A. A., & Winters, P. R. (1964). The CARNEGIE TECH MANAGEMENT GAME: An experiment in business education. Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin.
11.
Cooke, E. F.
(1986). The dilemma in evaluating classroom innovations. In A. C. Burns & L. Kelley (Eds.), Developments in business simulation and experiential exercises (pp. 110-114). Stillwater: Oklahoma State University.
12.
Crookall, D.
(1990). Learning more about simulation/games. In D. Crookall & R. Oxford (Eds.), Simulation, gaming, and language learning. New York: Harper & Row.
13.
Crookall, D.
(1995). Simulation/gaming: A guide to the literature. In D. Crookall & K. Arai (Eds.), Simulation and gaming across disciplines and cultures: ISAGA at a watershed (pp. 151-177). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
14.
Crookall, D.
, & Arai, K. (Eds.). (1995). Simulation and gaming across disciplines and cultures: ISAGA at a watershed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
15.
Crookall, D.
, Oxford, R. L., & Saunders, D. (1987). Towards a reconceptualization of simulation: From representation to reality. Simulation/Games for Learning, 17 (3), 147-117 1.
16.
Duke, R. D.
(1986). Certificate in gaming/simulation studies program description. Simulation & Games, 17 (3), 414-420.
17.
Dukes, R. L.
, & Matthews, S. (1993). Simulation and gaming and the teaching of sociology (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Sociological Association.
18.
Faria, A. J.
(1987). A survey of the use of business games in academia and business. Simulation & Games, 18 (2), 207-224.
19.
Graham, R. G.
, & Gray, C. F (1969). Business games handbook. New York: American Management Association.
20.
Greenblat, C. S.
, & Duke, R. D. (1981). Principles and practices of gaming-simulation. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
21.
Greenlaw, P S.
, & Wyman, F P. (1973). The teaching effectiveness of games in collegiate business courses. Simulation & Games, 4 (3), 259-293.
22.
Klabbers, J.H.G.
(1987). A user oriented taxonomy of games and simulations. In D. Crookall, C. S. Greenblat, A. Coote, J.H.G. Klabbers, & D. Watson (Eds.), Simulation-gaming in the late 1980s. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
23.
Kolb, D.
(1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
24.
Kryukov, M. M.
, & Kryukova, L. (1986). Toward a simulation games classification and game dialogue types. Simulation & Games, 17 (3), 393-402.
25.
Loveluck, C.
(1983). The construction, operation, and evaluation of management games. In B. Taylor & G. Lippitt (Eds.), Management development and training handbook (pp. 307-327). London: McGraw-Hill.
26.
McCall, W. A.
(1923). How to experiment in education. New York: Macmillan.
27.
McKenna, R. J.
(1991). Business computerized simulation: The Australian experience. Simulation & Gaming, 22 (1), 36-62.
28.
McKenney, J. L.
(1963). An evaluation of a decision simulation as a learning environment. Management Technology, 3 (1), 56-67.
29.
Moffie, D. M.
, & Levin, R. I. (1968). Experimental evaluation of a computerized management game. The Atlanta Economic Review, 18 (11), 7-11.
30.
Neuhauser, J. J.
(1976). Business games have failed. Academy of Management Review, 1 (4), 124-129.
31.
Overby, J. D.
, & Patz, A. L. (Eds.). (1995). Developments in business simulation and experiential exercises (Vol. 22). Madison, WI: Omnipress.
32.
Putnam, H.
(1981a). Meaning and the moral sciences. London: Routledge, Kegan Paul.
33.
Putnam, H.
(1981b). Reason, truth and history. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
34.
Rohn, W. E.
(1986). The present state and future trends in management games for management development in Germany. Simulation & Games, 17 (3), 382-392.
35.
Sharrock, W. W.
, & Watson, D. R. (1987). "Power" and "realism" in simulation and gaming: Some pedagogic and analytic observations. In D. Crookall, C. S. Greenblat, A. Coote, J.H.G. Klabbers, & D. Watson (Eds.), Simulation-gaming in the late 1980s. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
36.
Siebecke, R.
(1989, July). Classification of games and central information file. Paper presented at the 1989 ISAGA Conference, Weimar, East Germany.
37.
Stone, E. F.
(1982). Research design: Issues in studies assessing the effects of management education. In R. D. Freeman, C. L. Cooper, & S. A. Stumpf (Eds.), Management education: Issues in theory, research and practice (pp. 87-132). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
38.
Thorndike, E. L.
, McCall, W. A., & Chapman, J. C. (1916). Ventilation in relation to mental work. Teacher's College Contributions to Education (No. 78). New York: Columbia University.
39.
Wilson, A.
(1968). The bomb and the computer: Wargaming from ancient Chinese mapboard to atomic computer. New York: Delacorte.
40.
Wolfe, J.
(1985). The teaching effectiveness of games in collegiate business courses: A 1973-1983 update. Simulation & Games, 16 (3), 251-288.
41.
Wolfe, J.
(1990). The evaluation of computer-based business games: Methodology, findings, and future needs. In J. W. Gentry (Ed.), The guide to experiential learning (pp. 279-300). New York: Nichols.
42.
Wolfe, J.
(1993). A history of business teaching games in English-speaking and post-Socialist countries: The origination and diffusion of a management education and development technology. Simulation & Gaming, 24 (4), 446-463.
