Shertf and Sherif's hypotheses on intergroup competition and cooperation are tested in a natural setting, involving scout troops in a camping situation, for well-acquainted subjects rather than for previously unacquainted subjects. In-group solidarity showed no increase during camps, as would have been predicted by the Sherifs; indeed, a decrease was found. Intergroup differences in composition and motivation were reflected in results for intergroup relations, cooperation, and performance. The Sherifs' hypotheses on ego involvement and individual responsiveness to appeals for intergroup cooperation were substantially supported.
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