Abstract
A 5-day-old Angus calf was submitted to the necropsy service at the University of Kentucky Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center. At birth, the calf was noted to have 2 scrota. Five days post-calving the calf developed severe tenesmus and an umbilical infection. Clinical examination revealed atresia ani. At necropsy, complete diphallus, imperforate ani (type 2 atresia ani), and remnants of 2 scrota were identified. This report describes the gross pathologic appearance of a rare case of complete diphallia, imperforate ani (type 2 atresia ani), and an accessory scrotum in a 5-day-old calf.
References
1.
Aronson
L
: 2002 , Rectum and anus . In: Textbook of small animal surgery , ed.
Slatter
D
, 3rd ed. , pp. 167 –180 . WB Saunders , Philadelphia, PA .
2.
Bahr
C
Distl
O
: 2004 , Case report. Diphallus in a German Holstein calf [in German] . Dtsch Tieraerztl Wochenschr
111 : 85 –86 .
3.
Bosu
WT
Barker
CA
: 1971 , Diphallia in a Holstein bull . Can Vet J
12 : 21 –23 .
4.
Cassini
P
Montironi
A
Botti
S
: 2005 , Genetic analysis of anal atresia in pigs: Evidence for segregation at two main loci . Mamm Genome
16 : 164 –170 .
5.
Chadha
R
Bagga
D
Gupta
S
Mahajan
JK
: 2001 , Complete diphallia associated with features of covered exstrophy . J Pediatr Surg
36 : E12 .
6.
Dennis
SM
: 1979 , Urogenital defects in sheep . Vet Rec
105 : 344 –347 .
7.
Ferro
F
Lais
A
Korman
R
Caterino
S
: 1991 , Accessory perineal scrotum associated with anorectal malformation. A report of 2 cases . S Afr J Surg
29 : 32 –34 .
8.
Ghanem
M
Yoshida
C
Isobe
N
: 2004 , Atresia ani with diphallus and seperate scrota in a calf: A case report . Theriogenology
61 : 1205 –1213 .
9.
Gyftopoulos
K
Wolffenbuttel
KP
Nijman
RJ
: 2002 , Clinical and embryologic aspects of penile duplication and associated anomalies . Urology
60 : 675 –679 .
10.
Keeler
RF
: 1984 , Teratogens in plants . J Anim Sci
58 : 1029 –1039 .
11.
Langman
J
: 1975 , Medical embryology human development–-normal and abnormal , 3rd ed.
The Williams and Wilkins Company , Baltimore, MD .
12.
Leipold
HW
Dennis
SM
Huston
K
: 1972 , Congenital defects of cattle: Nature, cause, and effect . Adv Vet Sci Comp Med
16 : 103 –150 .
13.
Mauch
TJ
Albertine
KH
: 2002 , Urorectal septum malformation sequence: Insights into pathogenesis . Anat Rec
268 : 405 –410 .
14.
McEntee
K
: 1990 , Penis and prepuce . In: Reproductive pathology of domestic mammals , pp. 359 –383 . Academic Press, Inc. , San Diego, CA .
15.
Oberst
RD
: 1993 , Viruses as teratogens . Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract
9 : 23 –31 .
16.
Petiot
A
Perriton
CL
Dickson
C
Cohn
MJ
: 2005 , Development of the mammalian urethra is controlled by Fgfr2-IIIb . Development
132 : 2441 –2450 .
17.
Priester
WA
Glass
AG
Waggoner
NS
: 1970 , Congenital defects in domesticated animals: General considerations . Am J Vet Res
31 : 1871 –1879 .
18.
Roberts
SJ
: 1943 , Double penis in a Holstein bull . Cornell Vet
33 : 388 –393 .
19.
Saperstein
G
: 2002 , Congenital defects and hereditary disorders in ruminants . In: Large animal internal medicine , ed.
Smith
B
, 3rd ed. , pp. 1465 –1515 . Mosby , St. Louis, MO .
20.
Schneider
P
: 1969 , The male genital tract . In: Pediatric surgery , ed.
Mustard
WT
Ravitch
MM
Snyder
WH
Jr
, 2nd ed. , p. 1263 . Year Book Medical , Chicago, IL .
21.
Stephens
FD
Smith
ED
Hutson
JM
: 1996 , Congenital anomalies of the urinary and genital tracts , pp. 83 –84 . Isis Medical Media , Oxford, UK .
22.
Tsuda
T
Yoshida
K
Ohashi
S
: 2004 , Arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia syndrome in neonatal calves resulting from interuterine infection with Aino virus . Vet Res
35 : 531 –538 .
23.
Vianna
ML
Tobias
KM
: 2005 , Atresia ani in the dog: A retrospective study . J Am Anim Hosp Assoc
41 : 317 –322 .