This article examines how a decentralized digital approach can support employment generation in the public sector. It introduces the idea of a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) and explains the DAONATION model as a decentralized workforce system built on distributed ledgers, smart contracts and verified digital identities. The study uses a straightforward analytical approach based on available talent baselines, participation assumptions and sensitivity checks to estimate the employment potential of the model. A 19-month implementation plan is described, covering the design stage, the pre-production phase and pilot testing in selected government departments. Important elements such as identity verification, treasury management and data protection are included as core parts of the system. By linking the indicators from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) framework with the functional features of DAO architecture, the article shows how the model can be useful for policy planning. Overall, the DAONATION model indicates that decentralized systems can help improve transparency, reliability and inclusion in public-sector employment programmes.
BashirI. (2020). Mastering blockchain: A deep dive into distributed ledgers, consensus protocols, smart contracts, DApps, cryptocurrencies, Ethereum, and more. Packt Publishing.
2.
BeckR., Müller-BlochC., & KingJ. L. (2018). Governance in the blockchain economy: A framework and research agenda. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 19(10), 1–40.
3.
Bitbond. (2025). Safe (wallet) multisig guide for project[online]. https://www.bitbond.com/resources/gnosis-safe-multisig-guide-for-projects/
4.
BonnetS., & TeutebergF. (2024). Decentralized autonomous organizations: A systematic literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 21(4), 2450026.
5.
ButerinV. (2014). A next-generation smart contract and decentralised application platform (White Paper). Computer Science, 3(37), 1–36.
De FilippiP., & HassanS. (2018). Blockchain technology as a regulatory technology: From code is law to law is code. Computers and Society, 1–23[online]. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1801.02507
8.
El FaqirY., ArroyoJ., & HassanS. (2020). An overview of decentralized autonomous organizations on the blockchain. Proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Open Collaboration (pp. 1–8). Association for Computing Machinery.
9.
G20/OECD. (2015). G20/OECD principles of corporate governance[online]. https://www.oecd.org/
10.
HanJ., LeeJ., & LiT. (2025). A review of DAO governance: Recent literature and emerging trend. Journal of Corporate Finance, 91, 102734.
11.
HirschmanA. O. (1958). The strategy of economic development. Yale University Press.
12.
HsiehY. Y., VergneJ. P., AndersonP., LakhaniK., & ReitzigM. (2018). Bitcoin and the rise of decentralised autonomous organisations. Journal of Organization Design, 7(1), 1–16.
13.
Invest India. (2022). The unicorn landscape[online]. https://www.investindia.gov.in/
14.
JensenM. C., & MecklingW. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360.
15.
Kearney’s Global Services Location Index. (2023). Regenerative talent pools: The 2023 Kearney Global Services Location Index (pp. 1–24) [online]. https://www.kearney.com/
16.
KelleyD. J., SingerS., & HerringtonM. (2012). The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2011 Global Report. GEM.
17.
KirkpatrickC., & BarrientosA. (2004). The Lewis model after 50 years. The Manchester School, 72(6), 679–690.
18.
KumarN. (2023). Unlocking India’s potential in Industrial Revolution 4.0: National innovation system, demography, and inclusive development. Indian Public Policy Review, 4(3), 67–87.
19.
Local Government Association. (2017). A guide to Dynamic Purchasing Systems within the public sector[online]. https://www.local.gov.uk/sites/default/files/documents/4%2030%20DPS%20Guidance_04_Web.pdf
20.
LykidisI., DrosatosG., & RantosK. (2021). The use of blockchain technology in e-government services. Computers, 10(12), 1–17.
21.
NASSCOM. (2022). AI adoption index: Tracking India’s sectoral progress on AI adoption[online]. https://nasscom.in/
22.
National Informatics Centre (NIC). (2024). NIC datacentres[online]. https://www.nic.in/
23.
National Sample Survey. (2023). In charts: Which states are the best on computer literacy. Livemint[online]. https://www.livemint.com/
24.
OpenZeppelin. (2024). Pausable: Emergency stop pattern for smart contracts[online]. https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Pausable.sol
25.
PengnateF., & RigginsF. (2023). Decentralised autonomous organisations (DAOs) as a new organizational form: An analysis of trust formation in DAO participant relationships. In Proceedings of the 18th Midwest Association for Information Systems (MWAIS) Conference (pp. 1–5). Midwest Association for Information Systems.
26.
RauchJ. E. (1997). Balanced and unbalanced growth. Journal of Development Economics, 53(1), 41–66.
27.
ReijersW., WuismanI., MannanM., De FilippiP., WrayC., Rae-LooiV., VélezA. C., & OrgadL. (2021). Now the code runs itself: On-chain and off-chain governance of blockchain technologies. Topoi, 40(4), 821–831.
28.
RikkenO., JanssenM., & KweeZ. (2019). Governance challenges of blockchain and decentralised autonomous organisations. Information Polity, 24(4), 397–417.
29.
RomerP. M. (1990). Endogenous technological change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), S71–S102.
30.
Salesforce. (2021). Asia Pacific AI Readiness Index 2021[online]. https://www.salesforce.com/
31.
SantanaC., & AlbaredaL. (2022). Blockchain and the emergence of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs): An integrative model and research agenda. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 182, 121806.
32.
SatoR. (1964). The Harrod-Domar model vs the neo-classical growth model. The Economic Journal, 74(294), 380–387.
33.
SaurabhK., UpadhyayP., & RaniN. (2025). Towards blockchain decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) design. Information Systems Frontiers, 27(2), 659–681.
34.
ScholzT. (2016). Platform cooperativism: Challenging the corporate sharing economy. Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung.
35.
SinghM., & KimS. (2019). Blockchain technology for decentralised autonomous organisations. Advances in Computers, 5, 115–140.
36.
UNCTAD. (2022). Industry 4.0 for inclusive development[online]. https://unctad.org/
37.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). (2018). Education and disability: Analysis of data from 49 countries(Information Paper 49) [online]. https://uis.unesco.org/
