The healthcare sector has undergone significant changes in recent times due to the implementation of digitalization and Industry 4.0 technology. Digital Twins (DTs), which are virtual replicas of physical objects, products and/or services, have the potential to become a significant competitive advantage within the healthcare industry. Our present study aims to fill the existing research gap and contribute to the advancement of DT in healthcare supply chain and operations management by finding the barriers for DT adoption. We achieved this by synthesizing relevant literature and conducting a systematic literature review. We have further categorized the barriers using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework as the outcome of the research, both as a theoretical contribution and to assist industry practitioners in focusing on barriers specific to their domain for the successful implementation of DT technology. The future research avenues are proposed based on the identified barriers.
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