To reduce the thermal deformation of ball screws, a novel approach inspired by silver ants is proposed. The Saharan silver ant maintains low body temperatures in one of the hottest terrestrial environments by radiating heat to the surrounding environment. Inspired by this, bio-inspired graphene-coated ball screws, which can enhance heat dissipation due to radiative heat dissipation of graphene coating, are designed to reduce the temperature and thermal deformation further. Finite element analysis is conducted to validate the excellent performance of the proposed bionic design in reducing thermal deformation. In order to verify the advantage of this method, comparative experiments between graphene-coated ball screws and the ordinary one are carried out on a self-designed test bed as well. The result shows that the bio-inspired design obviously reduced the temperature rise, thermal deformation, and temperature balance time. This bio-inspired approach will provide a new idea to solve the thermal issue of machine tools.
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