The mechanism of the polycondensation reaction leading to naphthalimide polymers has been investigated using a model compound. In complement to 19F-NMR analysis, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopies were used to identify the intermediate compound. It was concluded that there was no evidence for the formation of an isoimide, but the formation of an amide—acid intermediate was clearly demonstrated.
Harris, F.W. ( 1988). Polyimides, Wilson, Stenzenberger , New York.
2.
Rusanov, A.L. and Bulycheva, E.G. (1991). Polyimides and Other High-Temperature Polymers, Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 125.
3.
Genies, C. , Mercier, R., Sillion, B., Cornet, N., Gebel, G. and Pineri, M. (2001). Soluble Sulfonated Naphthalenic Polyimides as Materials for Proton Exchange Membranes, Polymer , 42: 359-373.
4.
Sek, D. , Pijet, P. and Wanic, A. (1992). Investigation of Polyimides Containing Naphthalene Units. I. Monomer Structure and Reaction Conditions, Polymer, 33: 190-193.
5.
Sek, D. , Wanic, A. and Schab-Balcerzak , E. (1995). Investigation of Polyimides Containing Naphthalene Units. II. Model Compounds Synthesis, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 33: 547-554.
6.
Sek, D., Wanic, A., Janeczk, H. and Abadie, M.J.M. ( 1999). Investigation of Polyimides Containing Naphthalene Units. III. Influence of Monomers Structure on Polymers Properties, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 37: 3523-3529.
7.
Piroux, F., Mercier, R., Picq, D. and Espuche, E. ( 2004). On the Polynaphthalimide Synthesis-Influence of Reaction Conditions, Polymer, 45: 6445-6452.
8.
Williamson, K.L. , Ul Hasan, M. and Clutter, D.R. (1978). Conformational Analysis by NMR. Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Saturated and Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids and their Corresponding Esters and Anhydrides, J. Magn. Reson., 30: 367-383.
9.
Genies, C., Mercier, R., Sillion, B., Petiaud, R., Cornet, N., Gebel, G. and Pineri, M. ( 2001). Stability Study of Sulfonated Phthalic and Naphthalenic Polyimide Structures in Aqueous Medium, Polymer, 42: 5097-5105.
10.
Corrie, J.E.T. , Moore, M.H. and Wilson, G.D. (1996). Product Diversity in Cyclizations of Maleamic Acids: the Imide-isoimide Dichotomy, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. I, 1: 777-781.
11.
Zurakowska-Orszagh, J., Chreptowicz, T., Orzeszko, A. and Kaminski, J. (1979). Thermal Degradation of Polyimides. Investigation of the Role of Isoimide Structure on Degradation Process, Eur. Polym. J., 15: 409-413.
12.
Smith, C.D. , Mercier, R., Waton, H. and Sillion, B. (1993). Fluorine-19 NMR Investigation of Aromatic Amic Acid and Imide Model Compounds, Polymer, 34: 4852-4862.
13.
Zheng, H.B. and Wang, Z.Y. (1999). Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ethernaphthalimide)s, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 37: 3227-3231.
14.
Sonpatki, M.M., Skaria, S., Fradet, A., Ponrathnam, S. and Rajan, C.R. (1999). Synthesis and Structural Study of Poly(thioether-imide-sulfone)s Based on 3,3′- and 4,4′-bis(4-chloro-1,8-naphthalimido) diphenylsulfone, Polymer, 40: 4377-4386.
