Cet article a posé et a répondu à quatre questions. Quel a été la cause de la diffusion rapide du travail à temps partiel aux Pays-Bas ? Comment a été évitée la marginalisation des travailleurs à temps partiel ? Est ce que l'actuel modèle d'un revenu et demi par ménage constitue une phase transitionnelle vers un modèle à deux revenus; ? et finalement l'exemple hollandais sera-t-il suivi par d'autres Etat Providences européens ?
Cet article cherche à montrer que le modèle hollandais d'un revenu et demi n'a pas été le résultat d'une politique délibérément planifiée des gouvernements, des syndicats ou encore des employeurs mais plutôt le résultat des pressions venu d'en bas et de changements politiques les accompagnant. Le choix d'un travail à temps partiel est étroitement lié à l'arrivée tardive et rapide des femmes mariées sur le marché du travail et la pénurie de structures d'accueil des enfants dans ce qui n'était il n'y a pas si longtemps un Etat Providence fortement marqué par le modèle d'un seul revenu masculin.
The article asks and answers four main questions: What caused the rapid diffusion of part-time work in the Netherlands? How was marginalization of part-time work avoided? Is the current one-and-a-half earners model a transitional phase towards a doubleearner household model? Will the Dutch example attract followers in other European welfare states? The article seeks to demonstrate that the Dutch one-and-a-half-earners model was not the result of deliberate policy planning by governments, unions or employers, but rather the outcome of `bottom-up' pressures and accommodating policy changes. The choice for part-time work is closely linked to the late and rapid arrival of married women in the labour force and the dearth of child-care provisions in what was not long ago a strong breadwinner welfare state.
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