The factor structure and concurrent validity of the Multidimensional Social Support Questionnaire, a brief measure of perceived social support for use with adolescents, was examined. Findings suggest that four dimensions of perceived social support may yield more information than assessments of the unitary construct of support.
BarreraM.Jr. (1986). Distinctions between social support concepts, measures, and models. American Journal of Community Psychology, 14, 413–445. doi:10.1007/BF0092262710.1007/BF00922627
2.
BarreraM.Jr.ChassinL.RogoshF. (1993). Effects of social support and conflict on adolescent children of alcoholic and nonalcoholic fathers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 602–612. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.60210.1037/0022-3514.64.4.602
3.
BentlerP. M.ChouC. P. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods and Research, 16, 78–117. doi:10.1177/004912418701600100410.1177/0049124187016001004
4.
BraikerH.KelleyH. (1979). Conflict in the development of close relationships. In BurgessR.HustonT. (Eds.), Social exchange and developing relationships (pp. 86–104). New York, NY: Academic Press.
5.
BrownT. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
6.
BrowneM. W.CudeckR. (1999). Single sample cross-validation indices for covariance structures. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 24, 445–455. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2404_410.1207/s15327906mbr2404_4
7.
BugentalG. E.GrusekJ. E. (2006). Socialization processes. In EisenbergN. (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 326–428). New York, NY: Wiley.
8.
BurgeD.HammenC. (1991). Maternal communication: Predictors of outcome at follow-up in a sample of children at high and low risk for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 174–180. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.100.2.17410.1037/0021-843X.100.2.174
9.
ByrneB. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with Amos: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
10.
CauceA. M.SrebnikD. S. (1990). Returning to social support systems: A morphological analysis of social networks. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18, 609–616. doi:10.1007/BF0093806310.1007/BF00938063
11.
ChuP. S.SaucierD. A.HafnerE.SmithS. J. (2010). Meta-analysis of the relationships between social support and well-being in children and adolescents. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29, 624–645. doi:10.1521/jscp.2010.29.6.62410.1521/jscp.2010.29.6.624
12.
CohenS.WillsT. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310–357. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.31010.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
13.
CronbachL. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297–334. doi:10.1007/BF0231055510.1007/BF02310555
14.
DerogatisL. R. (1975). The Symptom Checklist–90–R. Baltimore, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
15.
DerotogisL. R. (1994). SCL—90–R: Administration, scoring and procedures manual. Minneapolis, MN: National Computer.
16.
DerogatisL. R.MelisaratosN (1983). The Brief Symptom Inventory: An introductory report. Psychological Medicine, 13, 595–605. doi:10.1017/S003329170004801710.1017/S0033291700048017
17.
DerogatisL. R.SpencerM. S. (1982). The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) administration, scoring, and procedures manual. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Psychometrics Research Unit.
18.
DowneyG.WalkerE. (1992). Distinguishing family-level and child-level influences on the development of depression and aggression in children at risk. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 81–95. doi:10.1017/S095457940000557510.1017/S0954579400005575
19.
DubowT. F.TisakJ. (1989). The relationship between stressful life events and adjustment in elementary school children: The role of social support and social problem-solving skills. Child Development, 60, 1412–1423. doi:10.2307/113093110.2307/1130931
20.
Dunkel-SchetterC.BennettT. L. (1990). Differentiating the cognitive and behavioral aspects of social support. In SarasonB. R.SarasonI. G.PierceG. R. (Eds.), Social support: An interactional view (pp. 267–296). New York, NY: Wiley.
21.
El-SheikhM.CummingsE. M.GoetschV. L. (1989). Coping with adults’ angry behav-ior: Behavioral, physiological, and verbal responses in preschoolers. Developmental Psychology, 25(4), 490–498. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.49010.1037/0012-1649.25.4.490
22.
FinchJ. F.OkunM. A.PoolG. J.RuehlmanL. S. (1999). A comparison of the influence of conflictual and supportive social interactions on psychological distress. Journal of Personality, 67, 581–621. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.0006610.1111/1467-6494.00066
23.
GuzickD. T.DormanW. J.GroffT. S.AltermattE. R.ForsythG. A. (2004). Fostering social interest in schools for long-term and short-term outcomes. Journal of Individual Psychology, 60(4), 361–378.
24.
HirschB. J. (1981). Social networks and the coping process: Creating personal communities. In GottliebB. (Ed.), Social networks and social support (pp. 149–170). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
25.
HirschB. J.Engel-LevyA.DuBoisD.HardestyP. H. (1990). The role of social environments in social support. In SarasonI.SarasonB.PierceG. (Eds.), Social support: An interactional view (pp. 367–394). New York, NY: Wiley.
26.
HirschB. J.ReischlT. (1985). Social networks and developmental psychopathology: A comparison of adolescent children of a depressed, arthritic, or normal parent. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 272–281. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.94.3.27210.1037/0021-843X.94.3.272
27.
HoeM.BrekkeJ. (2008). Testing the cross-ethnic construct validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Research on Social Work Practice, 19, 93–103. doi:10.1177/104973150831728510.1177/1049731508317285
28.
KoverolaC.PoundJ.HegerA.LytleC. (1993). Relationship of child sexual abuse to depression. Child Abuse & Neglect, 17, 393–400. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90062-A10.1016/0145-2134(93)90062-A
29.
LakeyB.DrewJ. B. (1997). A social-cognitive perspective on social support. In PierceG. R.LakeyB.SarasonI. G.SarasonB. R. (Eds.), Sourcebook of social support and personality (pp. 107–140). New York, NY: Plenum.
30.
MechanicD.HansellS. (1989). Divorce, family conflict, and adolescents’ well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 30, 105–116. doi:10.2307/213691610.2307/2136916
31.
RafteryA. E. (1995). Bayesian model selection in social research. Sociological Methodology, 25, 111–163. doi:10.2307/27106310.2307/271063
32.
RookK. S. (1984). The negative side of social interaction: Impact on psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 1097–1108. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.46.5.109710.1037/0022-3514.46.5.1097
33.
RosenbergM. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
34.
SchaferJ. L. (1999). NORM: Multiple Imputation of Incomplete Multivariate Data Under a Normal Model (Version 2.02) [Software for Windows 95/98/NT]. Retrieved from http://www.stat.psu.edu/~jls/misoftwa.html
35.
SorensonS. B.PetersonJ. G. (1994). Traumatic child death and documented maltreatment history, Los Angeles. American Journal of Public Health, 84, 623–627. doi:10.2105/AJPH.84.4.62310.2105/AJPH.84.4.623
36.
TaylorS. E.ShermanD. K.KimH. S.JarchoJ.TakagiK.DunaganM. S. (2004). Culture and social support: Who seeks it and why?Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 354–362. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.3.35410.1037/0022-3514.87.3.354
37.
VinokurA. D.van RynM. (1993). Social support and undermining in close relationships: Their independent effects on the mental health of unemployed persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 350–359. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.35010.1037/0022-3514.65.2.350