To improve the low-velocity edge-on impact resistance of composite laminates, a helicoidal fiber arrangement of composite laminates (HFACLs) emulated from the micro-structure of the dactyl club is proposed. A finite element method with the progressive intralaminar and interlaminar damage model is adopted for verifications and investigations. Based on the verified model, the failure behaviors and reinforcement mechanisms of the HFACLs subjected to edge-on impact load are extensively revealed. To explore the effect of the rate of variation of helix angle, three types of helicoidal configurations with different derivatives are designed, including helicoidal-Sinusoidal (HS), helicoidal-Linear (HL), and helicoidal-Exponential (HE). From the predicted results, the HFACLs have a higher resistance load and shallower penetration depth. The maximum increase in resistance load and reduction in penetration depth can reach 50.66% and 26.37%, respectively. The laminate with a slight helix angle (HS laminate) variation rate has better edge-on impact resistance. In addition, the effects of impactor ellipticity and impact kinetic energy on edge-on impact response are studied. This study deepened an understanding of the edge-on impact failure mechanisms of the composite laminates and provided a design guideline for the edge-on impact-resistant design of composite laminates.
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