Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 1995-4
Indici di proliferazione (Ki 67,TLI) ed espressione della p53. Esperienza personale: Proliferation indices (Ki 67,TLI) and p53 expression. Personal experience
The Authors report their experience on the study of urothelial bladder cancer by determining the overexpression of p53, DNA-content by flow-cytometry, Ki 67, TLI and cytofluorimetric S-phase in 81 patients. Ki 67, DNA content and p53 overexpression are statistically related with histologic grade, unlike TLI and S-phase. TLI, overexpression of p53 and Ki 67 are statistically related with stage, whereas ploidy and S-phase do not show any relation with stage. The Authors discuss these findings.
EsrigD., SpruckC.H.III, NicholsP.W., ChaiwunB., StevenK., GroshenS., ChenS.C., SkinnerD.G., JonesP.A., CoteR.J.: p53 nuclear protein accumulation correlates with mutations in p53 gene, tumour grade and stage in bladder cancer. Am. J. Pathol., 143: 1389–97, 1993.
2.
KerrJ.F.R., WinterfordCM., HarmonB.V.: Apoptosis. Its significance in cancer and cancer therapy. Cancer, 73: 2013–26, 1994.
3.
SoussiT., LegrosY., LubinR., OryK., SchlichtholzB.: Multifactorial analysis of p53 alteration in human cancer: a review. Int. J. Cancer, 57: 1–9, 1994.
4.
HabuchiT., OgawaO., KakehiY., OguraK., KoshibaM., SugiyamaT., YoshidaO.: Allelic loss of chromosome 17p in urothelial cancer: strong association with invasive phenotype. J. Urol., 148: 1595–1599, 1992.
5.
LunecJ., ChallenC., WrightC., MellonK., NealD.E.: c-erbB-2 amplification and identical p53 mutations in concomitant transitional carcinomas of renal pelvis and urinary bladder. The Lancet, 339: 439–40, 1992.
6.
WrightC., MellonK., JohnstonP., LaneD.P., HarrisA.L., HorneC.H.W., NealD.E.: Expression of mutant p53, c-erbB-2 and the epidermal growth factor receptor in transitional cell carcinoma of the human urinary bladder. Br. J. Cancer, 63: 967–970, 1991.
7.
FujimotoK., YamadaY., OkajimaE., KakizoeT., SasakiH., SugimuraT., TeradaM.: Frequent association of p53 gene mutation in invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Research, 52: 1393–1398, 1992.
8.
Ding-weiY., Jia-fuZ., Song-xiQ., Yong-jiangM.: Expression of p53 product in Chinese human bladder carcinoma. Urol. Res., 21: 223–226, 1993.
9.
SarkisS.A., DalbagniG., Cordon-CardoC., ZhangZ.F., SheinfeldJ., FairW.R., HerrH.W., ReuterV.E.: Nuclear overexpression of p53 protein in transitional cell bladder carcinoma: a marker for disease progression. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 85: 53–59, 1993.
10.
LipponenP.K.: Over-expression of p53 nuclear oncoprotein in transitional-cell bladder cancer and its prognostic value. Int. J. Cancer, 53: 365–370, 1993.
11.
MochH., SauterG., MooreD., MihatschM.J., GudatF., WaldmanF.: p53 and erbB-2 protein overexpression are associated with early invasion and metastasis in bladder cancer. Virchows Arch.-A. Pathol. Anat. Histopathol., 423: 329–34, 1993.
12.
Cordon-CardoC., DalbagniG., SaezG.T., OlivaM.R., ZhangZ.F., RosaiJ., ReuterV.E., PellicerA.: p53 mutations in human bladder cancer: genotypic versus phenotypic patterns. Int. J. Cancer, 56: 347–53, 1994.
13.
GardinerR.A., WalshV., AllenS., RahmanM.L.T.H., SamaratungaG.J., LavinS., LavinM.F.: Immunohistological expression of p53 in primary pTI transitional cell bladder cancer in relation to tumour progression. Br. J. Urol., 73: 526–32, 1994.
14.
ThomasD.J., RobinsonM.C., CharltonR., WilkinsonS., ShentonB.K., NealD.E.: p53 expression, ploidy and progression in pT1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Br. J. Urol., 73: 533–37, 1993.
15.
MellonK., WilkinsonS., VickersJ., RobinsonM.C., ShentonB.K., NealD.E.: Abnormalities in p53 and DNA content in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Br. J. Urol., 73: 522–25, 1994.
16.
TachibanaM., DeguchiN., BabaS., Jitsukawa, HataM., TazakiH.: Prognostic significance of Bromodeoxyuridine high labeled bladder cancer measured by flow cytometry: does flow cytometric determination predict the prognosis of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J. Urol., 149: 739–743, 1993.
17.
MellonK., NealD.E., RobinsonM.C., MarshC., WrightC.: Cell cycling in bladder carcinoma determined by monoclonal antibody Ki 67. Br. J. Urol., 66: 281–285, 1990.
18.
BushC., PriceP., NortonJ., ParkinsC.S., BaileyM.J., BoydJ., JonesC.R., A'HernR.P., HorwichA.: Proliferation in human bladder carcinoma measured by Ki-67 antibody labelling: its potential clinical importance. Br. J. Cancer, 64: 357–360, 1991.
19.
TsujhashiH., NakanishiA., MatsudaH., UejimaS., KuritaT.: Cell proliferation of human bladder tumours determined by BrdUrd and Ki-67 immunostaining. J. Urol., 145: 846–849, 1991.
20.
FontanaD., BellinaM., GubettaL., FasolisG., RolleL., ScoffoneC., PorpigliaF., ColomboM., TarabuzziR., LeonardoE.: Monoclonal antibody Ki-67 in the study of the proliferative activity of bladder carcinoma. J. Urol., 148: 1149–1151, 1992.
21.
CohenM.B., WaldmanF.M., CarrolP.R., KerschmannR., ChewK., MayallB.H.: Comparison of five histopathologic methods to assess cellular proliferation in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Hum. Pathol., 24: 772–778, 1993.
22.
StavropoulosN.E., Ioackim-VelogianniE., HastazerisK., KitsiouE., StefanakiS., AgnantisN.: Growth fractions in bladder cancer defined by Ki67: association with cancer grade, category and recurrence rate of superficial lesions. Br. J. Urol., 72: 736–39, 1993.
23.
ZambelliS., ZaninA., GaglioA., ZaiG., BoscoE., AndrionA., MagnaniC.: Ki-67 scores and AgNor counts in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: apparent lack of prognostic value. Arch. It. Urol., LXV: 665–70, 1993.
24.
BeniniE., CostaA., PizzocaroG., CampoB., MilaniA., TorelliT., VeneroniS., OrdesiG., PilottiS., SilvestriniR.: Biological markers in transuretral biopsies from bladder cancer: preliminary results. Int. J. Oncol., 3: 817–21, 1993.
25.
LipponenP.K., NordlingS., EskelinenM.J., JauhiainenK., TerhoR., HarjuE.: Flow cytometry in comparison with mitotic index in predicting disease outcome in transitional-cell bladder cancer. Int. J. Cancer, 53: 42–47, 1993.
26.
MeyerJ.S.: Growth and cell kinetic measurements in human tumours. Path. Ann., 16(part 2): 53, 1991.
27.
TachibanaM., DeguchiN., BabaS., JitsukawaS., HataM., TazakiH.: Multivariate analysis of flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid parameters and histological features for prognosis of bladder cancer patients. J. Urol., 146: 1530, 1991.
28.
SchapersR.F.M., JokeJ.P.Z., PauwelsR.P.E., SmeetsA.W.G.B., van den BrandtP.A., TankeH.J., BosmanF.T.: Image cytometric DNA analysis in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Cancer, 72: 182–189, 1993.
29.
KiermeneyL.A.L.M., WitjesJ.A., HeijbroekR.P., VerbeekA.L.M., DebruyneF.M.: Predictability of recurrent and progressive disease in individual patients with superficial bladder cancer. J. Urol., 150: 60–64, 1993.
30.
LipponenP., EskelinenM.J., JauhiainenK..: Clinical prognostic factors in transitional cell cancer of the bladder. Urol. Int., 50: 192–197, 1993.
31.
ParmarM.K.B., FreedmanL.S., HargreaveT.B., TolleyD.A.: Prognostic factors for recurrence and follow-up policies in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer: report for the British Medical Research Council Subgroup on Superficial Bladder Cancer (Urological Cancer Working Party). J. Urol., 142: 284–288, 1989.
32.
OomsE.C.M., AndersonW.A.D., AlonsC.L., BoonM.E., VeldhuizenR.W.: Analysis of the performance of pathologists in the grading of bladder tumours. Hum. Pathol., 14: 140–143, 1983.
TakashiM., MuraseT., MizunoS., HamajimaN., OlinoY.: Multivariate evaluation of prognostic determinants in bladder cancer patients. Urol. Int., 42: 368–364, 1987.
35.
CutlerS.J., HeneyN.M., FriedellG.H.: Longitudinal study of patients with bladder cancer. Factors associated with disease recurrence and progression. In: BonneyW.W., ProutG.R. (eds): Bladder cancer.Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, AUA Monograph 1982, vol. 17, pp. 35–42.
36.
LutzeyerW., RübbenH., DahmH.: Prognostic parameters in superficial bladder cancer: an analysis of 315 cases. J. Urol., 127, 250–252, 1982.
37.
HeneyNm., AhmedS., FlanaganMj., FrableW., CorderM.P., HafermannM.D., HawkinsI.R. for “National Bladder Cancer Collaborative Group”: Superficial bladder cancer: progression and recurrence. J. Urol., 130: 1083–1086, 1983.
38.
SmithG., EltonR.A., BeynonL.L., NewsamJ.E., ChisholmG.D., HargreaveT.B.: Prognostic significance of biopsy results of normal-looking mucosa in cases of superficial bladder cancer. Br. J. Urol., 55: 665–669, 1983.
39.
LipponenP.K., CollanY., EskelinenM.J., PesonenE., SotarautaM.: Volume corrected mitotic index (M/V Index) in human bladder cancer: relation to histological grade (WHO), clinical stage (UICC) and prognosis. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 24: 39–45, 1990.
HulandH., KloppelG., OttoU., DroeseM.: The value of histologic grading and staging, random biopsies, tumour and bladder mucosa blood groups antigens, in predicting progression of superficial bladder cancer. Eur. Urol., 10: 28–31, 1984.