Tavola Rotonda su: “Fattori prognostici e markers nel carcinoma della vescica”. Aspetti generali e introduttivi: Round Table on: “Prognostic factors and markers in bladder carcinoma”. General and introductory aspects

Abstract

Bladder tumours are generally grouped as superficial or invasive because of their different therapeutical regimens. Superficial tumours still cause uncertainties in choosing the best treatment due to their heterogeneity and different behaviour. In the prevision of these tumours it is important to consider all the factors that could influence the prognosis: tumoral characteristics, grading and staging mistakes, effects of the therapy and immunological response. Moreover it is important for clinical studies to have appropriate end points. Prognostic factors and markers with high predictive value can allow specific treatment for the individual cases to be planned.