The authors treated acute flare-ups of chronic bronchitis with a combination of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and trimethoprim (TMP) (cotrimazine). They treated thirty patients for a week, with daily dosages of 900 mg SDZ and 300 mg TMP, in an open trial in comparison with ampicillin 2 g daily.
The result of treatment (course and duration of the acute episode, fever, cough, dyspnoea, sputum amount and description, chest sounds, ESR, and WBC count), tested by suitable statistical methods, showed that cotrimazine had excellent therapeutic activity and was readily tolerated; over-all results compared closely with those obtained with ampicillin.
In their concluding remarks the authors state that in addition to being effective in the morbid condition selected for trial, cotrimazine offers some advantages over similar combinations of TMP and other sulfonamides, both because of the intrinsic physicochemical and pharmacological properties of SDZ and because of its lower dosage in this combination.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AllgulanderSHolmSLundgrenC (1979) The use of cotrimazine and cotrimoxazole in elderly patients with urinary tract infection. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 404.
2.
BelsheimJGnarpeHHellebergASvenssonA (1979) Clinical studies of cotrimazine in urinary tract infections: a comparison with nitrofurantoin. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 411.
3.
BerganTBrodwallE K (1972) Human pharmacokinetics of a sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim combination. Acta Medica Scandinavica192, 483.
4.
BerganTBrodwallE K (1972) Kidney transport in man of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Chemotherapy17, 320.
5.
BerganTWik-MoHAnstadU (1977) Kinetics of a sulfadiazine-trimethoprim combination. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics26, 651.
6.
BergforsP G (1979) Clinical studies on cotrimazine in children. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 408.
7.
BushbyS R MHitchingsG H (1968) Trimethoprim, a sulphonamide potentiator. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy33, 72.
8.
EkströmBForsgreenUOrtengrenBBerganT (1979) Development of sulfonamide-trimethoprim combinations for urinary tract infections. Part 1. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 359.
9.
FinlandMKassE H (1973) Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 128, Suppl 425.
10.
GarrodL PJamesD GLewisA A G (1969) The synergy of trimethoprim and sulphonamides. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 45, Suppl 3.
11.
LentiniSStocchiFBarbaC (1971) Sperimentazione controllata dell'associazione Trimethoprim-Sulfametossazolo nelle infezioni acute e croniche riacutizzate dell'apparato respiratorio. La Clinica Terapeutica58, 13.
12.
LövestadAGastrinBLundströmR (1979) A clinical study of cotrimazine in comparison with cotrimoxazole and sulphalene in urinary tract infections. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 401.
13.
MannistöPTuomistöJSarisN ELehtinenT (1973) Pharmacokinetic studies with trimethoprim and different doses of sulfadiazine in healthy human subjects. Chemotherapy19, 289.
14.
MandellG LSandeM A (1980) Sulfonamides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In: Gilman'sGoodmanThe Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. MacMillan, New York6th Edition p 1106.
15.
OrtengrenBFellnerHBerganT (1979) Development of sulfonamide-trimethoprim combinations for urinary tract infection. Part 2. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 367.
16.
OrtengrenBMagniLBerganT (1979) Development of sulfanomide-trimethoprim combinations for urinary tract infection. Part 3. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 371.
17.
OhnhasE ESpringP (1975) Elimination kinetics of sulfadiazine in patients with normal and impaired renal function. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics3, 171.
18.
PatersonI CPétrieG RCromptonG K (1978) Chronic bronchitis: is bacteriological examination of sputum necessary? British Medical Journal3, 536.
19.
ReevesD SBintA JBullokD W (1978) Use of antibiotics: sulphonamides, cotrimoxazole and tetracyclines. British Medical Journal3, 410.
20.
ReevesD SWilkinsonP J (1979) The pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations, including penetration into body fluids. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 330.
21.
ReisbergBHerzogJWeinsteinL (1967) In vitro antibacterial activity of trimethoprim alone and in combination with sulfonamides. In: Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy – 1966. American Society for Microbiology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, p 424.
22.
RiederJ (1972) Quantitative determination of the bacteriostatically active fraction of sulfonamides and the sum of their inactive metabolites in the body fluids. Chemotherapy17, 1.
23.
SamiH A (1980) Comparison of sulfadiazine-trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections. Chemotherapy26, 297.
24.
SeydelJ KWempeE (1979) Synergistic antibacterial activity in vitro of trimethoprim and sulfonamides and the importance of pharmacokinetic properties for optimal therapy. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 313.
25.
SkjervenOBerganT (1979) Double-blind comparison of sulfonamide-trimethoprim combinations in acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Infection, 7, Suppl 4, 398.
26.
TattersfieldA E (1978) Diseases of the respiratory system: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. British Medical Journal3, 410.
