Physiology of Lymphatic Oedema

Abstract

Objective:

To describe the physiological mechanisms implicated in lymph formation and drainage, and the pathophysiology of lymphoedema.

Design:

Historical steps leading to the current understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of lymph formation.

Data extraction:

Selection of relevant articles from the literature.

Data synthesis:

After a summary of the anatomical structures involved in the lymphatic system, the physiology of lymph formation and transport is described with special emphasis on recent hypotheses. The pathophysiology of lymphoedema is explained based on a combination of two factors: protein content and fluid movements within the lymphatic system.

Conclusion:

The pathophysiology of lymphoedema is currently better understood, even if some aspects remain unclear. This can lead to an improved therapeutic management of lymphoedema.