In this research, NiO, a vital transition metal known for its excellent electrochemical properties, was successfully synthesized under alkaline conditions using the precipitation method. Alterations in calcination temperatures between 720 and 800°C in an argon atmosphere yielded different NiO crystal sizes. The smallest crystals, obtained at 760°C, exhibited the highest specific capacity, reaching 991.2 mAh g–1 at 0.5 C. The NiO electrode showed an impressive capacitance retention rate of approximately 98% over 300 cycles. This method offers high-performance NiO materials with extended life cycles, making it a strong candidate for use in lithium-ion battery anodes. Using saturated potassium hydroxide (KOH) aids in nickel oxide precipitation, improving performance. Recyclable KOH enhances potential for large-scale anode material production.
DuraisamyESujithkrishnanEKannadasanK, et al.Facile metal complex-derived Ni/NiO/carbon composite as anode material for lithium-ion battery. J Electroanal Chem2021; 887: 115168.
2.
LiGLiYChenJ, et al.Synthesis and research of egg shell-yolk NiO/C porous composites as lithium-ion battery anode material. Electrochim Acta2017; 245: 941–948.
3.
XiaGLiNLiD, et al.Graphene/Fe2O3/SnO2 ternary nanocomposites as a high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries. Appl Mater Interfaces2013; 5: 8607–8614.
4.
CasinoSDi LupoFFranciaC, et al.Surfactant-assisted sol gel preparation of high-surface area mesoporous TiO2 nanocrystalline Li-ion battery anodes. J Alloys Compd2014; 594: 114–121.
5.
TogononJJHChiangPCLinHJ, et al.Pure carbon-based electrodes for metal-ion batteries. Carbon Trends2021; 3: 100035.
6.
LeeDHSeoSDLeeGH, et al.One-pot synthesis of Fe3O4/Fe/MWCNT nanocomposites via electrical wire pulse for Li ion battery electrodes. J Alloys Compd2014; 606: 204–207.
7.
MaYShengLZhaoH, et al.Synthesis of NiO/carbon shell/single-walled carbon nanotube composites as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Solid State Sci2015; 46: 49–55.
8.
MiaoYZhangXSuiY, et al.Nanospherical Cu2O/NiO synthesized by electrochemical dealloying as efficient electrode materials for supercapacitors. Mater Lett2020; 265: 127300.
9.
JayachandranMKishore babuSMaiyalaganT, et al.Effect of various aqueous electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of porous NiO nanocrystals as electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Mater Lett2021; 302: 130415.
10.
KumchompooJKunthadeePLaorodphanN, et al.The solid-state reaction facilitated by a microwave-assisted method for lithium vanadium silicon oxide synthesis by incorporating pure silica and rice husk ash for the application as anode material in lithium-ion battery. Radiat Phys Chem2023; 207: 110863.
11.
LeeJSJoMSSarohaR, et al.Hierarchically well-developed porous graphene nanofibers comprising N-doped graphitic C-coated cobalt oxide hollow nanospheres as anodes for high-rate Li-ion batteries. Small2020; 16: 2002213.
12.
ChoJSHongYJKangYC. Design and synthesis of bubble-nanorod-structured Fe2O3–carbon nanofibers as advanced anode material for Li-ion batteries. ACS Nano2015; 9: 4026–4035.
13.
HuangXHTuJPZhangCQ, et al.Spherical NiO-C composite for anode material of lithium ion batteries. Electrochim Acta2007; 52: 4177–4181.
14.
YaoMHuZLiuY, et al.3D Hierarchical mesoporous roselike NiO nanosheets for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. J Alloys Compd2015; 648: 414–418.
15.
ChengGBaiQSiC, et al.Nickel oxide nanopetal-decorated 3D nickel network with enhanced pseudocapacitive properties. RSC Adv2015; 5: 15042–15051.
16.
KolathodiMSPaleiMNatarajanTS. Electrospun NiO nanofibers as cathode materials for high performance asymmetric supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A2015; 3: 7513–7522.
17.
BabulalSMVenkateshKChenSM, et al.Fe doped NiO incorporated porous carbon hybrid electrocatalyst: a state of the art analysis for the selective sensing of acetaminophen in biological and pharmaceutical samples. J Alloys Compd2021; 876: 160215.
18.
XuJWuLLiuY, et al.NiO-rGO composite for supercapacitor electrode. Surf Interfaces2020; 18: 100420.
19.
ShinSShinMW. Nickel metal–organic framework (Ni-MOF) derived NiO/C@CNF composite for the application of high performance self-standing supercapacitor electrode. Appl Surf Sci2021; 540: 148295.
20.
LiuKCaoPChenW, et al.Electrocatalysis enabled transformation of earth-abundant water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide for a sustainable future. Mater Adv2022; 3: 1359–1400.
21.
LiuSLeeSCPatilUM, et al.Controllable sulfuration engineered NiO nanosheets with enhanced capacitance for high rate supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A2017; 5: 4543–4549.
22.
LiuNLiJMaW, et al.Ultrathin and lightweight 3D free-standing Ni@NiO nanowire membrane electrode for a supercapacitor with excellent capacitance retention at high rates. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces2014; 6: 13627–13634.
23.
MeherSKJustinPRanga RaoG. Microwave-mediated synthesis for improved morphology and pseudocapacitance performance of nickel oxide. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces2011; 3: 2063–2073.
24.
LiXZhiL. Managing voids of Si anodes in lithium ion batteries. Nanoscale2013; 5: 8864–8873.
25.
NavarreteLFloreaMOsiceanuP, et al.Nio / Sr doped Ce0.85Pr0.10 Er0.05O2−δ mesoarchitectured catalyst for partial oxidation of CH4 and anode fueled by H2. Microporous Mesoporous Mater2021; 323: 111171.
26.
Phan NguyenTThi GiangTTae KimI. Restructuring NiO to LiNiO2: ultrastable and reversible anodes for lithium-ion batteries. J Chem Eng2022; 437: 135292.
27.
WangZZhouLLouXW. Metal oxide hollow nanostructures for lithium-ion batteries. Adv Mater2012; 24: 1903–1911.
28.
XuSHesselCMRenH, et al.α-Fe2O3 multi-shelled hollow microspheres for lithium ion battery anodes with superior capacity and charge retention. Energy Environ Sci2014; 7: 632–637.
29.
ZhouLZhaoDLouXW. Double-shelled CoMn2O4 hollow microcubes as high-capacity anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Adv Mater2012; 24: 745–748.
30.
LiangJLiuXZhangT, et al.Hemp straw carbon and Ni/NiO embedded structure composites as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. J Alloys Compd2021; 889: 161776.
31.
LiGXuSLiB, et al.Free-standing films based on Ni wires core/foamed NiO shell as hosts for stable lithium anodes. J Power Sources2021; 506: 230161.
32.
ParmarKHManjunathVBimliS, et al.Stable and reversible electrochromic behaviors in anodic NiO thin films. Chin J Phys2022; 77: 143–150.
33.
ZhangJTahmasebiAOmoriyekomwanJE, et al.Microwave-assisted synthesis of biochar-carbon-nanotube-NiO composite as high-performance anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. FPT2021; 213: 106714.
34.
ZhangNGuoGHeB, et al.Synthesis and research of MnO2–NiO composite as lithium-ion battery anode using spent Zn–Mn batteries as manganese source. J Alloys Compd2020; 838: 155578.
35.
WangM. Tremella-like NiO/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites as excellent anodes for cyclable lithium-ion batteries. J Cryst Growth2022; 589: 126685.
36.
NapruszewskaBDWalczykADuraczyńskaD, et al.The synthesis of Cu-Mn-Al mixed-oxide combustion catalysts by co-precipitation in the presence of starch: a comparison of NaOH with organic precipitants. Catalysts2022; 12: 1159.
37.
ZhangWLassenKDescormeC, et al.Effect of the precipitation pH on the characteristics and performance of Co3O4 catalysts in the total oxidation of toluene and propane. Appl Catal B: Environ2021; 282: 119566.
38.
BodurovGStefchevPIvanovaT, et al.Investigation of electrodeposited NiO films as electrochromic material for counter electrodes in “Smart Windows”. Mater Lett2014; 117: 270–272.
39.
MugheriAQTahiraAAftabU, et al.Facile efficient earth abundant NiO/C composite electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. RSC Adv2019; 9: 5701–5710.
40.
LiuXFuJHeS, et al.Spectral analysis on the nickel hydroxyl and deuteroxyl nitrate powders. IOP Conf Ser: Mater Sci Eng2020; 774: 012011.
41.
KhairnarSDShrivastavaVS. Facile synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine B dye: a comparative study. Taibah Univ Medical Sci2019; 13: 1108–1118.
42.
Mironova-UlmaneNKuzminASildosI, et al.Magnon and phonon excitations in nanosized NiO. Latv J Phys Tech Sci3919; 56: 61–72.
43.
KuppuSVSonaimuthuMMarimuthuS, et al.Nio@ZnO composite bimetallic nanocrystalline decorated TiO2-CsPbI3 photo-anode surface modifications for perovskite-sensitized solar cell applications. J Mol Struct2023; 1276: 134763.
44.
KarthikKSelvanGKKanagarajM, et al.Particle size effect on the magnetic properties of NiO nanoparticles prepared by a precipitation method. J Alloys Compd2011; 509: 181–184.
45.
VarunkumarKHussainRHegdeG, et al.Effect of calcination temperature on Cu doped NiO nanoparticles prepared via wet-chemical method: structural, optical and morphological studies. Mater Sci Semicond Process2017; 66: 149–156.
46.
BerentKKomarekSLachR, , et al.The effect of calcination temperature on the structure and performance of nanocrystalline mayenite powders. Materials2019; 12: 3476.
47.
JaafarSHZaidMHMatoriKA, et al.Influence of calcination temperature on crystal growth and optical characteristics of Eu3+ doped ZnO/Zn2SiO4 composites fabricated via simple thermal treatment method. Crystals2021; 11: 115.
48.
MaiYJTuJPXiaXH, et al.Co-doped NiO nanoflake arrays toward superior anode materials for lithium ion batteries. J Power Sources2011; 196: 6388–6393.
49.
ZhangSZhaoQWangC, et al.Synthesis and electrochemical properties of NiO/Ni composite as an anode for lithium-ion batteries. Int J Electrochem Sci2022; 17: 220237.
50.
baiZJuZGuoC, et al.Direct large-scale synthesis of 3D hierarchical mesoporous NiO microspheres as high-performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Nanoscale2014; 6: 3268–3273.
51.
WangPYanDWangC, et al.Study of the formation and evolution of solid electrolyte interface via in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Appl Surf Sci2022; 596: 153572.
52.
ToghanAKhairyMKamarEM, et al.Effect of particle size and morphological structure on the physical properties of NiFe2O4 for supercapacitor application. J Mater Res Technol2022; 19: 3521–3535.
53.
WangSYuanZWuW, et al.Facile synthesis of a scale-like NiO/Ni composite anode with boosted electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries. J Alloys Compd2021; 862: 158012.
54.
WangXZhangLZhangZ, et al.Growth of 3D hierarchical porous NiO@carbon nanoflakes on graphene sheets for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys2016; 18: 3893–3899.
55.
GaoTKimALuW. Modeling electrode-level crack and quantifying its effect on battery performance and impedance. Electrochim Acta2020; 363: 137197.
56.
GoodenoughJBKimY. Challenges for rechargeable batteries. J Power Sources2011; 196: 6688–6694.
57.
Martinez de la HozJMSotoFABalbuenaPB. Effect of the electrolyte composition on SEI reactions at Si anodes of Li-ion batteries. J Phys Chem C2015; 119: 7060–7068.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
