The fourth session of the 2024 European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) Congress brought together lectures focused on the use of in vitro and in vivo models to investigate neurodegenerative diseases. Four presentations highlighted various aspects of neurodegenerative diseases including dementia, immune-mediated conditions, and neuromuscular disorders. The session began with an overview of animal models of dementia underscoring their critical role in understanding disease pathogenesis and supporting the development of effective therapeutic drugs. Subsequent presentations investigated immunological self-tolerance in autoimmune neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome, and the application of in vitro models to study neuromuscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The final presentation examined cannabinoid-based therapeutic options for treating neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting their potential in neuroprotection and neurorepair. This session provided valuable insights into the latest research and advancements in neurodegenerative disease modeling and therapy, offering promising directions for improved modeling and therapeutic strategies.
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