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Abstract

Investigations in toxicologic neuropathology are complex undertakings because of the intricate spatial and temporal diversity in the anatomic, functional, and molecular organization of the central and peripheral nervous systems. This compilation of toxicologic neuropathology resources has been designed to consolidate a broad range of useful neurobiology, neuropathology, and neurotoxicology resources in a single reference. This collection will increase familiarity with the basic knowledge, skills, and tools required for the proficient practice of toxicologic neuropathology and should help to improve the analysis and interpretation of pathology data sets from neural tissues in toxicology studies.

Keywords

bibliography Internet neuropathology neurotoxicology

Proficiency in the practice of toxicologic neuropathology in toxicity studies requires specific knowledge of the biology, pathology, and toxicology of the nervous system to succeed. Recognition of toxicant-induced findings in neural tissues is enhanced by wide-ranging theoretical and practical training in numerous subjects: neuroanatomy, neurochemistry (including molecular biology), neurology (both behavioral and clinical), neurophysiology, neuropathology, neuropharmacology, and neurotoxicology. Without fundamental understanding of all these topics, the ability to discover, characterize, and integrate neuropathology findings to form a clear judgment regarding the etiologies, mechanisms, and potential hazards posed by potential neurotoxicants will be considerably hindered.

This compilation of selected resources (Table 1) is designed to serve all professionals who have an interest in toxicologic neuropathology, no matter what their prior level of training and experience in the field. Professionals with existing expertise will likely find new references within this bibliography to boost their productivity. Practitioners still building their skills in this discipline will find that this collection provides a useful avenue for increasing their neuropathology acumen. Allied researchers (neurotoxicologists, regulatory scientists) will find many useful resources with which to better understand the nuances of toxicologic neuropathology data sets and the interpretations communicated by pathologists. In short, this list of essential references should benefit all professionals who are endeavoring to use neuropathology to protect the mental health of humans and animals.

Table 1.

Selected references for neuropathologists and neurotoxicologists.

Subject	Species	References
Neuroanatomic Atlases
Chicken		111,160,199
Dog		46,113,140,177
Human		10–14,23,63,100, 115,137,167,206
Pig		56,201
Primate, nonhuman	Baboon	38,162
	Cebus monkey	50,116
	Chimpanzee	41
	Cynomolgus monkey	207
	Marmoset	141,186
	Rhesus monkey	148,165,179
	Squirrel monkey	51,74
Rabbit		75,130,175,197,202
Rodent	Hamster (golden)	131
	Mouse	66,95,104,109,146,147, 168,169,204
	Rat	5,6,8,110,142,145, 150–156,190,211
Neuroanatomy, adult
Comparative		18,25,40,134, 187,196,202
Human		16,23,47,64,78,82,84, 102,118,135,149,194
Laboratory animal	Cat	16,44,126
	Chicken	92,111,126
	Dog	2,44,52,126
	Mouse	86,126,158,171
	Primate, nonhuman	7,16,47,53,119,125,126
	Rabbit	139,158,202
	Rat	31,77,126,143, 144,158,210
Neuroanatomy, developmental
Comparative		39,112,121,161,163, 166,172,196
Human		45,54,67,164,180
Laboratory animal	Primate, nonhuman	79
	Rodent (mouse)	20,86,95–97, 169,188,192
Neurobiology		15,25,32,81,93, 94,98,184
Neurochemistry		36,176,195
Neurohistology
Methods	Collecting samples	28,61,73
	Processing	9,27,73
	Staining specimens	27,42,83,159,200
Structural analysis	Histology	3,65,84,101
	Ultrastructure	157
	Morphometry/ stereology	20,205
Neuropathology
Anatomic pathology
Basic principles		55,68,88,90
Comparative		85,189
Human	Human	3,48,76,103,114, 120,138,170,173
Laboratory animal	Chicken	35,105
	Dog	127,189
	Mouse	89,107,117,129
	Rat	21,89,107,124, 128,181,195
Interpretation	Artifacts	61,69,91,122,123,203
	Basic principles	68,76,88,91,106
	Central nervous system	1,189
	Developing neural tissue	67,112
	Peripheral nervous system	1,48,90,99,108, 136,170,189
	Sensory and effector organs	3,26,49,72,132
Useful methods		20,22,28,61,62, 69–71,91, 106,108,191
Clinical pathology	Cerebrospinal fluid	58,87,174
Toxicologic neuropathology		19
Neuropathology resource lists		37
Neurophysiology		78,80,94
Neuroscience, clinical		4,34,57,59,60,81, 133,208,209
Neurotoxicology
Pharmacology		24,33,36,133,185
Toxicology		17,29,30,43,178, 182,183,193,198

Footnotes

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Drs. Thomas P. Brown, Kathleen Funk, and Bernard Jortner for providing comments during the preparation of this resource list.

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Useful Toxicologic Neuropathology References for Pathologists and Toxicologists

Abstract

Keywords

Footnotes

Acknowledgments

References