Two distinct approaches have been proposed for tackling bureaucratic inefficiency and insensitivity. One replaces political control and government supply with citizen/consumer sovereignty and market forces. The other supports greater citizen involvement in public decision making. But market forces and citizen participation can be mutually reinforcing. The author shows this by comparing the practices of charter schools and traditional public schools. Charter schools are shown to provide opportunities for yoking citizen voice with consumer choice. As such, they create spaces where deliberative democracy might be encouraged and they present organizational models that could inform other areas of public service delivery.
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