Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The retention of individual fatty soils, in both the presence and absence of clay soil, on repeatedly soiled, aged, and washed unfinished Dacron/cotton blend was studied by means of a double-label radioactive tracer analysis. Fatty soil retention was influenced by unsaturation, polarity and chain length, but the presence of clay soil was not a significant factor under the experimental conditions employed.

Fabric yellowing was measured on samples soiled with clay and pairs of fatty soils and on appropriate controls. None of the organic soils caused observable yellowing in the absence of clay. While clay soil alone contributed significantly to residual yellowness, additional yellowing occurred on samples soiled with clay, oleic acid, and triolein. It was hy pothesized that the yellowing behavior observed when clay, oleic acid and triolein were present was due primarily to the embedding of pigmented particulate soil in a polymerized fatty film during the second clay soiling process.

Keywords

Unfinished Dacron/cotton blend. Particulate soil kaolinite clay. Organic soil sebum components oleic acid trio lein stearic acid tristearin palmitic acid octadecane. Labeled compounds (3H) tritium isotope (14C) carbon-14 isotope tracer techniques. Deionized water detergent. Liquid scintillation counting correlation curves. Fatty soil double-label soil. Counts isotope activity. Statistical analysis. Retention fatty acids triglycerides chain length unsaturation hydrogen bonding polarity. Yellowing autoxidation polymer film embedded particulate soil.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bowers, C.A. and Chantrey, G. , Factors Controlling the Soiling of White Polyester Cotton Fabrics. Part I: Laboratory Studies, Textile Res. J. 39, 1-11 (1969).

Dixon, W.J. and Massey, F.J. , Jr., "Introduction to Statistical Analysis," 2nd Ed., New York, McGraw-Hill, 1957, pp. 179-181.

Fort, T. , Jr., Billica, H.R. , and Sloan, C.K. , Studies of Soiling and Detergency. Part I: Observations of Naturally Soiled Textile Fibers, Textile Res. J. 36, 7-12 (1966).

Franks, F. and Roberts, B. , Quantitative Study of the Oxidative Discoloration of Ethyl Linoleate. II. Oxidation on a Cotton Substrate, J. Appl. Chem. 15, 109-117 (1965).

Gunstone, F.D. , "An Introduction to the Chemistry of Fats and Fatty Acids," New York, Wiley, 1958, pp. 113 123.

Harker, R.P. , Some Observations on the Mechanism of Detergency, J. Textile Inst. 50, T189-T222 (1959).

Johnson, M.A. , Soiling and Yellowing of Unfinished Dacron/ Cotton Blend, Master's Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 1971, pp. 51-90.

McLendon, V. and Richardson, F. , Residual Oily Soil as a Factor in Yellowing of Used and Laundered White Cotton Articles, Amer. Dyestuff Rept. 52, 112 118 ( 1963).

Packard Instrument Company, Inc., Operational Manual, Model 3375, 3000 Series Tri-Carb Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer System, Preliminary Manual 2040, Packard Instrument Company, Downers Grove, Illinois, 1966, pp. 4-76-4-97.

10.

Powe, W. C., Detergency Studies on Removal of Triglycerides, Diglycerides, Monoglycerides and Free Fatty Acids from Cotton. Presented before the Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry of the A. C. S., September 2, 1964.

11.

Powe, W.C. , Removal of Fatty Soils from Cotton in Aqueous Detergent Systems, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 40, 290-294 (1963).

12.

Powe, W.C. , The Nature of Tenaciously Bound Soil on Cotton, Textile Res. J. 29, 879-884 (1959).

13.

Powe, W.C. and Marple, W.L. , The Fatty Acid Composition of Clothes Soil, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 37, 136-138 (1960).

14.

Privett, O.S. , Blank, M.L. , Covell, J.B. , and Lundberg , W.O. , Yellowing of Oil Films, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 38, 22-27 (1961).

15.

Snell, F.D. , Snell, C.T. , and Reich, I. , The Nature of Soil to be Deterged and Its Bonding to the Surface, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 27, 62-68 (1950).

16.

Sontag, M.S. , The Build-Up of Particulate and Organic Soils on Cotton, Polyester and Polyester/Cotton Fabrics, Master's Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., 1969, p. 33.

17.

Sontag, M.S. , Purchase, M.E. , and Smith, B.F. , A Double-Label Radioactive Tracer Analysis of the Retention of Selected Fats on Cotton and its Relation to Yellowing , Textile Res. J. 40, 529-536 (1970).

18.

Sontag, M.S. , Purchase, M. , and Smith, B.F. , A Method for Low-Level Particulate Soiling of Fabrics, Textile Res. J. 39, 976-978 (1969).

19.

Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H. , "Principles and Procedures of Statistics ," New York, McGraw-Hill, 1960, pp. 109-110.

20.

Swern, D. , Scanlan, J.T. , and Knight, H.B. , Mechanism of the Reactions of Oxygen with Fatty Materials. Advances from 1941 through 1946, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 25, 193-200 (1948).

21.

Urquhart, N.S. , Unpublished Statistics Mimeograph, Department of Statistics and Biometry, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y., Chapter 6, p. 15, July, 1970.

22.

Utermohlen, W.P. , Jr. and Wallace , E.L. , Detergency Studies , Textile Res. J. 17, 670-688 (1947).

23.

Waters, W.A. , "Mechanisms of Oxidation of Organic Compounds," London, Methuen, 1964, pp. 1-13.

Fatty Soil Retention and the Influence of Particulate and Fatty Soils on Yellowing of an Unfinished Dacron/Cotton Blend Fabric

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References