Design and electromechanical properties of three-layer fabric-based pressure sensor

Abstract

In this study, we developed a three-layer fabric-based pressure sensor and analyzed the structural factors and design parameters that affect its electromechanical properties. The sensor has a three-layer fabric and angle interlocking structure, which enhance its structural stability, sensing capability, and durability. Based on the factors that affect the sensing properties of the fabric sensor, 12 fabric sensors were designed. The electromechanical properties of these sensors were analyzed by adjusting the warp density and material of the three-layer fabric structure, as well as the weft yarn type of the dielectric layer. The curve showing the efficiency of the fabric sensor was divided into three zones, namely, elastic, yield, and crush, to investigate the frequency-response properties, linear variation range, sensitivity, and stability of the fabric sensor. The results indicated that the warp density and warp and weft yarn types of the dielectric layer of the sensor affected the capacitance change rate and sensitivity. The effects of the weft yarn type of the dielectric layer on the electromechanical properties of the fabric sensor were complex. Additionally, the woven and angle interlocking structures of the three-layer fabric sensor contributed to the electrical stability and durability of the sensor. In the design of a multilayer flexible fabric sensor, the appropriate warp density, as well as the warp and weft materials, should be considered to ensure its linearity, sensitivity, and repeatability.