Development of a new hybrid yarn construction from recycled carbon fibers (rCF) for high-performance composites. Part-II: Influence of yarn parameters on tensile properties of composites

Abstract

This article reports the successful manufacturing of hybrid yarns from virgin staple CF (40 or 60 mm) or recycled staple CF (rCF) by mixing with polyamide 6 (PA 6) fibers of defined length. The hybrid yarns are produced using an optimized process route of carding, drawing, and flyer machine. Furthermore, the influence of CF length, CF type (i.e. virgin or rCF), CF volume content, and twist of the yarn are also investigated regarding the tensile properties of unidirectionally laid (UD) thermoplastic composites. The results show that CF length, yarn twist, and CF content of composites play a big role on the tensile properties of thermoplastic composites. From the comparison of tensile strength of UD composites produced from 40 and 60 mm virgin staple CF, it can be seen that the increase of yarn twist decreases the tensile strength. However, the effect of twist on the tensile properties of UD composites manufactured from 40 mm virgin staple CF is insignificant. The tensile strength of UD thermoplastic composites manufactured from the hybrid yarn with 40 and 60 mm virgin staple CF and rCF is found to be 771 ± 100, 838 ± 81, and 801 ± 53.4 MPa, respectively, in the case of 87 T/m containing 50 volume% CF.

Keywords

recycled carbon fiber hybrid yarn carding spinning

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

McConnell VP. Launching the carbon fibre recycling industry. Reinf Plast May/April 2010; 54(2): 33–37.

Akonda

Lawrence

Weager

. Recycled carbon fibre-reinforced polypropylene thermoplastic composites. Compos Part A-Appl S 2012; 43: 79–86.

Gulich

Hofmann

. From black gold to the “golden fleece”. Allgem Vliesstoff-Rep 2013; 4: 34–35.

Mazumdar

. Composites manufacturing: Materials, product, and process engineering, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2001.

Hengstermann M, Raithel N, Abdkader A, et al. Development of new hybrid yarn construction from recycled carbon fibres (rCF) for high-performance composites. Part I: Basic processing of hybrid CF/PA 6 yarn spinning from virgin CF staple fibres. Text Res J 2016; 86(12): 1307–1317.

Long

. Design and manufacture of textile composites, Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, 2005.

Cherif Ch. (Edit.) Leichtbau mit Textilverstärkung für Serienanwendungen. Auerbach: Verlag Wissenschaftliche Scripten, 2013, ISBN 978-3-942267-81-6. (German).

Abounaim M. Process development for the manufacturing of flat knitted innovative 3D spacer fabrics for high performance composite applications. PhD Thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany, 2011.

Maurice

. Composite solutions: Thermosets and thermoplastics, Paris: JEC publications, 2006, pp. 31–39.

10.

ELG Carbon Fibre International GmbH. Method and device for recovering carbon fibres from carbon-fibre-containing plastics. Patent WO2014154656A1, 2014.

11.

ELG Carbon Fibre International GmbH. Pyrolysis system and method of recovering carbon fibres from carbon-fibre-containing plastics. Patent WO2014154703A1, 2014.

12.

ELG Carbon Fibre International GmbH. Pyrolysis assembly and method for the recovery of carbon fibres from plastics containing carbon fibre. Patent EP2783764A1, 2014.

13.

ELG Carbon Fibre International GmbH. Method and device for the recovery of carbon fibres from plastics containing carbon fibre. Patent EP2783824A1, 2014.

14.

Raithel N. Grundlagenuntersuchung der Zusammenhänge und des Materialverhaltens bei Kardierung und Verspinnung von recycelten Carbonstapelfasern (rCF) mit thermoplastischen Materialien für technische Anwendungen, MSc thesis. Institute of Textile Machinery and High Performance Mateial Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany, 2014.