The current study fabricated nylon/high-resilience bonding polyester (HRPET) nonwoven fabric with various needle-punching parameters and investigated the effect of these variations on the response of high-density flexible foam under static loading and low-velocity impact. The needle-punching depth and frequency are selected as variations. The HRPET fiber generates bonding-points when being thermally treated, which provides resilience properties on the sandwich flexible composites. The results find a substantial relationship between the temperature of thermal treatment and the absorption of low-velocity impact energy which is mainly because of the increase of fiber connection force. The impact force is eliminated by 8255 N at most. Needle-punching depth contributes to resistance to static loading and the highest resistance was 2043 N.
BeierUFischerFSandlerJKW. Mechanical performance of carbon fibre-reinforced composites based on stitched preforms. Compos Part A2007; 38: 1655–1663.
2.
Martínez-HerguetaFRidruejoAGálvezF. Influence of fiber orientation on the ballistic performance of needlepunched nonwoven fabrics. Mech Mater2016; 94: 106–116.
3.
LinJHLouCWLeiCH. Processing conditions of abrasion and heat resistance for hybrid needle-punched nonwoven bag filters. Compos Part A2006; 37: 31–37.
4.
KoernerRMHsuanYGKoernerGR. Ten year creep puncture study of HDPE geomembranes protected by needle-punched nonwoven geotextiles. Geotext Geomembranes2010; 28: 503–513.
5.
Martínez-HerguetaFRidruejoAGonzálezC. Deformation and energy dissipation mechanisms of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics: a multiscale experimental analysis. Int J Solids Struct2015; 64–65: 120–131.
6.
RidruejoAJuberaRGonzálezC. Inverse notch sensitivity: cracks can make nonwoven fabrics stronger. J Mech Phys Solids2015; 77: 61–69.
7.
BergadoaDTYouwaiSHaiCN. Interaction of nonwoven needle-punched geotextiles under axisymmetric loading conditions. Geotext Geomembranes2001; 19: 299–328.
8.
ChenTLiaoJLiuG. Effects of needle-punched felt structure on the mechanical properties of carbon/carbon composites. Carbon2003; 41: 993–999.
9.
Van de VeldeKKiekensP. Effect of material and process parameters on the mechanical properties of unidirectional and multidirectional flax/polypropylene composites. Compos Struct2003; 62: 443–448.
10.
HartlAMJerabekMLangRW. Effect of fiber orientation, stress state and notch radius on the impact properties of short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. Polym Test2015; 43: 1–9.
11.
MoutiZWestwoodKLongD. An experimental investigation into localised low-velocity impact loading on glass fibre-reinforced polyamide automotive product. Compos Struct2013; 104: 43–53.
12.
Al-OqlaFMSapuanSM. Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in industrial applications: feasibility of date palm fibers for sustainable automotive industry. J Clean Prod2014; 66: 347–354.
13.
LangdonGSCantwellWJ. The blast response of composite and fibre-metal laminate materials used in aerospace applications. Polym Compos Aerosp Ind2015; 13: 371–391.
14.
UnterwegerCDuchoslavJStifterD. Characterization of carbon fiber surfaces and their impact on the mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites. Compos Sci Technol2015; 108: 41–47.
15.
SapuanSMBachtiarD. Mechanical properties of sugar palm fibre reinforced high impact polystyrene composites. Procedia Chem2012; 4: 101–106.
16.
FuSYuBDuanL. Combined effect of interfacial strength and fiber orientation on mechanical performance of short Kevlar fiber reinforced olefin block copolymer. Compos Sci Technol2015; 108: 23–31.
17.
AkayM. DFORRSB. Fracture toughness and impact behaviour of glass-fibre-reinforced polyamide 6,6 injection mouldings. Compos Sci Technol1995; 55: 109–118.
18.
SiddiquiNAShamM-LTangBZ. Tensile strength of glass fibres with carbon nanotube–epoxy nanocomposite coating. Compos Part A2009; 40: 1606–1614.
19.
LiYMaHShenY. Effects of resin inside fiber lumen on the mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced composites. Compos Sci Technol2015; 108: 32–40.
20.
DattaJLaskiMKucinska-LipkaJ. The properties of polyurethane elastomers to he used as polymer cores in sandwich plate systems (SPS). Przem Chem2007; 86: 63–67.
21.
DattaJHaponiukJT. Influence of glycols on the glycolysis process and the structure and properties of polyurethane elastomers. J Elast Plast2011; 43: 529–541.
22.
DattaJ. Effect of glycols used as glycolysis agents on chemical structure and thermal stability of the produced glycolysates. J Therm Anal Calorim2012; 109: 517–520.
23.
DattaJWłochM. Morphology and properties of recycled polyethylene/ground tyre rubber/thermoplastic poly (ester-urethane) blends. Macromol Res2015; 23: 1117–1125.
24.
ZhangJLuoRXiangQ. Compressive fracture behavior of 3D needle-punched carbon/carbon composites. Mater Chem Phys2011; 528: 5002–5006.
25.
LinCCHuangCCLouCW. Process and ballistic-resistant buffer effect of cushion composite layer made of three-dimensional crimped hollow fiber. J Reinf Plast Comp2009; 29: 1681–1687.
26.
MoryeSSHinePJDuckettRA. Modelling of the energy absorption by polymer composites upon ballistic impact. Compos Sci Technol2000; 60: 2631–2642.
27.
JayalathaGKuttySKN. Effect of short nylon-6 fibres on natural rubber-toughened polystyrene. Mater Design2013; 43: 291–98.
28.
TehraniDMNosratyHShokriehMM. The influence of hybridization on impact damage behavior and residual compression strength of intraply basalt/nylon hybrid composites. Mater Design2013; 43: 283–290.
29.
YooYSpencerMWPaulDR. Morphology and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced Nylon 6 nanocomposites. Polymer2011; 52: 180–190.
30.
LauraDMKeskkulaHBarlowJW. Effect of glass fiber and maleated ethylene–propylene rubber content on tensile and impact properties of Nylon 6. Polymer2000; 41: 7165–7174.
31.
DehkordiMTNosratyHShokriehMM. Low velocity impact properties of intra-ply hybrid composites based on basalt and nylon woven fabrics. Mater Design2010; 31: 3835–3844.
32.
Oliveira-SalmazoLLopez-GilASilva-BellucciF. Natural rubber foams with anisotropic cellular structures: mechanical properties and modeling. Ind Crop Prod2016; 80: 26–35.
33.
NicotraMMoncaleroMMessoriM. Thermo-mechanical and Impact properties of polymeric foams used for snow sports protective equipment. Procedia Eng2014; 72: 678–683.
34.
SongJH. Pairing effect and tensile properties of laminated high-performance hybrid composites prepared using carbon/glass and carbon/aramid fibers. Compos Part B-Eng2015; 79: 61–66.
35.
SarasiniFTirillòJValenteM. Hybrid composites based on aramid and basalt woven fabrics: Impact damage modes and residual flexural properties. Mater Design2013; 49: 290–302.
