A multiple baseline across three providers showed that each provider, using only differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI), substantially reduced high-rate out-of-seat behavior in a highly disruptive 4-year-old boy with severe disabilities. During the experiment, duration of the boy's in-seat behavior expanded from less than 1 min to 20 min. Furthermore, during the intervention, the providers' use of physical restraint decreased to near-zero levels, even though restraint and DRI could he used together. Although not specifically targeted, the boy's appropriate toy play also increased during DRI.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BarlowD. H., & HersenM. (1984). Single case experimental designs (2nd ed.). New York: Pergamon.
2.
BartonL. E.BrulleA. R., & ReppA. C. (1986). Maintenance of therapeutic change by momentary DRO. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 19, 277–282.
3.
FrimanP. C.BarnardJ. D.AltmanK., & WolfM. M. (1986). Parent and teacher use of DRO and DRI to reduce aggressive behavior. Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, 6, 319–330.
4.
Gaylord-RossR. J.WeeksM.LipnerC., & Gaylord-RossC. (1983). The differential effectiveness of four treatment procedures in suppressing self-injurious behavior among severely handicapped students. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 18, 38–44.
5.
HarrisS. L., & WolchikS. A. (1979). Suppression of self-stimulation: Three alternative strategies. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 185–198.
6.
HomerA. L., & PetersonL. (1980). Differential reinforcement of other behavior: A preferred response elimination procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 449–471.
7.
LavignaG. L., & DonnellanA. M. (1986). Alternatives to punishment: Solving behavior problems with nonaversive strategies. New York: Irvington.
8.
LuiselliJ. K., & SlocumbP. R. (1983). Management of multiple aggressive behaviors by differential reinforcement. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 14, 343–347.
9.
MatsonJ., & TarasM. E. (1989). A 20 year review of punishment and alternative methods to treat problem behaviors in developmentally delayed persons. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 10, 85–104.
10.
MulickJ. A., & LinscheidT. R. (1988). (Review of Alternatives to punishment: Solving behavior problems with non-aversive strategies). Research in Developmental Disabilities, 9, 317–330.
11.
PetersonL.HomerA. L., & WonderlichS. A. (1982). The integrity of the independent variable in behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 15, 477–493.
12.
ReppA. C., & DietzS. M. (1974). Reducing aggressive and self-injurious behavior of institutionalized retarded children through reinforcement of other behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 7, 313–325.
13.
RoliderA., & Van HoutenR. (1984). The effects of DRO alone and DRO plus reprimands on the undesirable behavior of three children in home settings. Education and Treatment of Children, 7, 17–31.
14.
Van HoutenR.AxelrodS.BaileyJ. S.FavellJ. E.FoxxR. M.IwataB. A., & LovaasO. I. (1988). The right to effective behavioral treatment. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21, 381–384.
