Outcomes of Environmental Appraisal of Different Hospital Waiting Areas

Andrews, G., & Tennant, C. (1978). Being upset and becoming ill: An appraisal of the relation between life events and physical illness. Medical Journal of Australia, 1, 324-327.

Bakos, M., Bozic, R., Chapin, D., & Neuman, S. (1980). Effects of environmental changes on elderly residents’ behavior. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 31, 677-682.

Bartlett, D. (1998). Stress: Perspectives & processes. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.

Baum, A., & Davis, G. E. (1976). Spatial and social aspects of crowding perception. Environment & Behavior, 8, 527-545.

Bell, P. A., Fisher, J. D., Baum, A., & Greene, T. C. (1990). Environmental psychology (3rd ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Saunders College Publishing.

Birren, F. (1979, July 16). Human response to color and light. Hospitals, 53, 93-96.

Bobrow, H., & Thomas, Y. (1990). The evolving health care system. A framework for design. In R. Moran, R. Anderson, & P. Paoli (Eds.), Building for people in hospitals: Workers and consumers (pp. 31-41). Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

Brown, B. (1974). New mind, new body: Bio-feedback. New directions for the mind. New York: Harper and Row.

Brown, E. L. (1961). Newer dimensions of patient care. New York: Russell Sage.

Campbell, D. E. (1979). Interior office design and visitor response. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 648-653.

Canter, D., & Canter, S. (1979). Designing for therapeutic environments: A review of research. New York: John Wiley.

Carpman, J. R. (1983). Influencing design decisions: An analysis of the impact of the Patient and Visitor Participation Project on the University of Michigan Replacement Hospital Program. (UMI No. 8402256)

Carpman, J. R., Grant, M. A., & Simmons, D. A. (1984). Overnight accommodation for visitors and outpatients: A nationwide study. Health Care Strategic Management, 2(6), 9-14.

Carver, A. M. (1990). Hospital design and working conditions. In R. Moran, R. Anderson, & P. Paoli (Eds.), Building for people in hospitals (pp. 85-92). Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

Cohen, S. (1980). Aftereffects of stress on human performance and social behavior: A review of research and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 578-604.

Cohen, S., Evans, G. W., Stokols, D., & Krantz, D. S. (1986).Behavior, health and environmental stress. New York: Plenum.

Cohen, F., & Lazarus, R. S. (1979). Coping with the stresses of illness. In G. C. Stone, F. Cohen, & N. E. Adler (Eds.), Health psychology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Cox, T. (1978). Stress. London: Macmillan.

Cox, T., & Ferguson, E. (1991). Individual differences in stress and coping. In C. L. Cooper & R. Payne (Eds.), Personality and stress: Individual differences in the stress process (chap. 1). Chichester, UK: John Wiley.

Cox, T., & Mackay, C. J. (1985). The measurement of self-reported stress and arousal. British Journal of Psychology, 76, 183-186.

Cumming, J., & Cumming, E. (1964). Ego and milieu: Theory and practice of environmental therapy. London: Tavistock.

Evans, G. W. (2001). Environmental stress and health. In A. S. Baum, T. A. Revenson, & J. E. Singer(Eds.), Handbook of health psychology. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Evans, G. W., Johansson, G., & Carrere, S. (1994). Psychosocial factors and the physical environment: Inter-relations in the workplace. In C. L. Cooper and I. T. Robertson (Eds.), Inter- national review of industrial and organizational psychology: Vol.9 (pp. 1-29). Chichester, UK: Wiley.

Evans, G. W., & Lepore, S. J. (1992). Conceptual and analytic issues in crowding research.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12, 163-173.

Evans, G. W., & McCoy, J. M. (1998). When buildings don’t work: The role of architecture in human health. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 85-94.

Fisher, J. D. (1974). Situation specific variables as determinants of perceived environmental aesthetic quality and perceived crowdedness. Journal of Research in Personality, 8, 177-188.

Glass, D. C., & Singer, J. E. (1972). Urban stress: Experiments on noise and social stressors. New York: Academic Press.

Gotts, G., & Cox, T. (1988). Stress and Arousal Check List: A manual for its administration, scoring and interpretation. Melbourne, Australia: Swinburne Press.

Hiatt, L. G. (1981). The color and use of color in environments for older people. Nursing Homes, 30, 18-22.

Holahan, C. J., & Saegert, S. (1973). Behavioral and attitudinal effects of large scale variation in the physical environment of psychiatric wards. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 82, 454-462.

Ingham, B., & Spencer, C. (1997). Do comfortable chairs and soft light in the waiting area really help reduce anxiety and improve the practice’s image? Health Psychology Update, 28, 17-20.

Kaplan, R., & Kaplan, S. (1989). The experience of nature: A psychological perspective.New York: CUP.

Kasmar, J. V., Griffin, W. V., & Mauritzen, J. H. (1968). Effect of environmental surroundings on outpatients’ mood and perception of psychiatrists. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 32(2), 223-226.

Kirkbride, T. S. (1854). On the construction, organization and general arrangements of hospitals for the insane. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston.

Lacey, J. I., & Lacey, B. C. (1970). Some autonomic-central nervous system interrelationships. In P. Black (Ed.), Physiological correlates of emotion (pp. 205-207). New York: Academic Press.

Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological stress and the coping process. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.

Lazarus, R. S., & Launier, R. (1978). Stress-related transactions between person and environment. In L. A. Pervin & M. Lewis (Eds.), Perspectives in interactional psychology (pp. 287-327). New York: Plenum.

Lazarus, R. S., Averill, J. R., & Opton, E. M. (1970). Toward a cognitive theory of emotions. In M. Arnold (Ed.), Feelings and emotions (pp. 207-231). New York: Academic Press.

Leather, P., Pyrgas, M., Beale, D., & Lawrence, C. (1998). Windows in the workplace: Sunlight, view, and occupational stress. Environment & Behavior, 30(6), 739-762.

Leventhal, H., Nerenz, D. R., & Leventhal, E. (1982). Feelings of threat and private views of ill- ness: Factors in dehumanization in the medical care system. In A. Baum & J. Singer (Eds.), Advances in environmental psychology: Vol.4.Environment and health (pp. 85-114). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Lundberg, U., Melin, B., Holmberg, L., & Evans, G. (1990, June). Psychobiological stress responses during and after VDT work: Repetitive data entry versus stimulating learning. Paper presented at the First International Congress of Behavioral Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.

Mason, J. W. (1971).A re-evaluation of the concept of non-specificity in stress theory.Journal of Psychiatric Research, 8, 323-333.

Mason, J. W. (1974). Specificity in the organisation of neuroendocrine response profiles. In P. Seeman & G. M. Brown (Eds.), Frontiers in neurology & neuroscience research. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Neuroscience Institute.

Moran, R. (1990). Health environments and healthy environments. In R. Moran, R. Anderson, & P. Paoli (Eds.), Building for people in hospitals: Workers and consumers (pp. 5-24). Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

Moran, R., Anderson, R., & Paoli, P. (Eds.). (1990). Building for people in hospitals: Workers and consumers. Dublin, Ireland: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

Nie, N. H., Hull, C. H., & Bent, D. (1986). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version X (SPSSX). Chicago: SPSS, Inc.

Olsen, R. (1978). The effect of the hospital environment. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, City University of New York.

Ortony, A., Clore, G. L., & Collins, A. (1988). The cognitive structure of emotions. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Ottawa Conference.(1986). Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Health Promotion, 1, III-V.

Reizenstein, J. E. (1976). Social research and design: Cambridge Hospital social services offices. Springfield, VA: National Technical Information Services.

Reizenstein, J. E. (1982). Hospital design and human behavior: A review of the recent literature. In A. Baum & J. Singer (Eds.), Advances in environmental psychology: Vol.4.Environment and health (pp. 137-169). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Reizenstein, J. E., & Grant, M. A. (1982). From hospital research to hospital design: The Patient and Visitor Participation Project. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Office of Hospital Planning, Research and Development.

Russell, J. A., & Snodgrass, J. (1987). Emotion and the environment. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 245-280). New York: Wiley.

Schauss, A. G. (1979). Tranquilizing effect of color reduces aggressive behavior and potential violence. Journal of Orthomolecular Psychiatry, 8, 218-221.

Seligman, M. E. (1975). Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman.

Selye, H. (1976). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Shumaker, S. A., & Reizenstein, J. E. (1982). Environmental factors affecting inpatient stress in acute care hospitals. In G. Evans (Ed.), Environmental stress (pp.179-223). New York: CUP.

Sklar, L., & Anisman, H. (1981). Stress and cancer. Psychological Bulletin, 89, 369-406.

Sommer, R., & DeWar, R. (1963). The physical environment of the ward. In E. Freidson (Ed.), The hospital in modern society (p. 339). London: Free Press of Glencoe.

Sommer, R., & Ross, H. (1958). Social interaction on a geriatrics ward. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 4, 128-133.

Steele, F. I. (1973). Physical settings and organization development. Reading, MA: Rand McNally.

Ulrich, R. S. (1981). Natural versus urban scenes: Some psychophysiological effects. Environment & Behavior, 13, 523-556.

Ulrich, R. S. (1983). Aesthetic and affective responses to natural environment. In I. Altman & J. F. Wohlwill (Eds.), Human behavior and environment: Vol.6.Behavior and the natural environment (pp. 85-125). New York: Plenum Press.

Ulrich, R. S. (1984).View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224, 420-421.

Ulrich, R. S. (1991).Effects of interior design on wellness: Theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, 3, 97-109.

Ulrich, R. S., & Simons, R. F. (1986). Recovery from stress during exposure to everyday outdoor environments. In J. Wineman, R. Barnes & C. Zimring (Eds.), Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Conference of the Environmental Design Research Association (pp. 115-122). Washington, DC: EDRA.

Ulrich, R. S., Simons, R. F., Losito, B. D., Fiorito, E., Miles, M. A., & Zelson, M. (1991). Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11, 201-230.

Veitch, R., & Arkkelin, D. (1995). Environmental psychology: An interdisciplinary perspective. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Zimring, C., Carpman, J. R., & Michelson, W. (1987). Design for special populations: Mentally retarded persons, children, hospital visitors. In D. Stokols, & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 919-949). New York: Wiley.