In 1985–86 the Australian Government introduced an elaborate scheme of traineeships to complement the already existing apprenticeship scheme. This article shows how the idea as originally conceived, but not as implemented, was based upon the West German dual system. It examines the dual system within the West German setting to see what problems and benefits the traineeship based upon the German system would have in Australia. Its conclusion is that, in spite of apparent problems which the German system has in terms of social demarcation, neglect of certain disadvantaged groups, and appropriateness for technological change, the German system of combining education and work in Australian non-traditional apprenticeship areas is worthwhile attempting in Australia as long as there exists genuine co-operation between industry, education and the state.
‘Abiturienten’ as apprentices. (1985). Bildung und Wissenschaft, No. 11/12, 15–17.
2.
‘Abitur’ plus apprenticeship best prerequisite for obtaining employment. (1984). Bildung und Wissenschaft, No. 8/9 (e), 129–31.
3.
AndersonD. (1985). Traineeships for youth. In HermannG.LansburyR.RyanJ. & HorsfieldB. (Eds.), The Kirby Report …North Ryde: Macquarie University.
4.
BallC. (1985). Practical responses to a deteriorating labour market situation. Paper presented at International Conference on Employment and Training, Full Employment — Uncertain Futures, Western Australian Department of Employment and Training, Perth, 23–26 September.
5.
BendelowP. (1985, 22 November). Cuts and student loans bite hardest on the poorest. Times EducationalSupplement, No. 3621, p.17.
6.
CEDEFOP [European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training]. (1980). Chomage des jeunes et formation professionnelle. Rapport de conference, 11–12 novembre, Berlin.
7.
ClementWerner. (1985). Is the dual system responsible for low youth unemployment in the Federal Republic of Germany?European Journal of Education, 20 (2–3), 203–19.
8.
Federal Ministry of Education and Science. (1985). New developments in vocational education. CEDEFOP News, 13, 1.
9.
FlowerF.RussellR. (Eds.). (1982). The Industrial Tutor in the Federal Republic of Germany. Blagdon, Bristol: Coombe Lodge, Further Education Staff College.
10.
FreelandJ. (1986, Autumn). Making the links: Schooling and the labour market. Education Links, 28, 9–16.
11.
FührChristoph. (1979). Education and Teaching in the Federal Republic of Germany. Bonn: Inter Nationes.
12.
HarrisonG. (1985). Challenge for change. In HermannG.LansburyR.RyanJ. & HorsfieldB. (Eds.), The Kirby Report …North Ryde: Macquarie University.
13.
HermannG.LansburyR.RyanJ.HorsfieldB. (Eds.). (1985). The Kirby Report: Implications for Training, Education and Work. Proceedings from a Conference. Macquarie University, Graduate School of Management, Centre for Research in Education and Work (CREW) and the Labour-Management Studies Program. Macquarie University, North Ryde.
14.
HermannG. (1986). Kirby traineeships — Some educational implications. Unpublished paper, Macquarie University, North Ryde.
15.
KirbyP. (1985a). The need for change. In HermannG.LansburyR.RyanJ. & HorsfieldB. (Eds.), The Kirby Report …North Ryde: Macquarie University.
16.
KirbyP. (Chair). (1985b). Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Labour Market Programs. Canberra: AGPS.
17.
LiebauEckart. (1984). Academic study and prospects for life: Observations and reflections on the contemporary situation of West Germany. European Journal of Education, 19(3), 269–81.
18.
LutzBurkart (1981). Education and employment: Contrasting evidence, from France and the Federal Republic of Germany. European Journal of Education, 16(1), 73–86.
19.
MackenJ. (1985). Prospects of help. In HermannG.LansburyR.RyanJ. & HorsfieldB. (Eds.), The Kirby Report …North Ryde: Macquarie University.
20.
MönikesW. (1984). The school system in the Federal Republic of Germany. Bildungund Wissenschaft, No. 10/11 (e), 139–84.
21.
MunchJ. (1982). Vocational Training in the Federal Republic of Germany. Berlin: CEDEFOP [European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training].
22.
New training place record by industry. (1985). Bildung und Wissenschaft, No. 11/12, 17–18.
23.
Steady decline in female and working-class students. (1985). Bildung und Wissenschaft, No. 5/6 (e), 11–13.
24.
WilliamsShirley Other Experts. (1981). Youth without Work. Paris: OECD.
25.
WillisM. (1985). Traineeships: Stepping stones to good jobs or gangplanks to continued unemployment? Paper presented at International Conference on Employment and Training, Full Employment — Uncertain Futures, Western Australian Department of Employment and Training, Perth, 23–26 September.
26.
WilsonB.WynJ. (1987). Shaping Futures: Youth Action for Livelihood. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
